杏鲍菇菇渣栽培草菇过程中木质纤维素利用及其降解酶活性变化  

Lignocellulose utilization and changes in lignocellulosic enzyme during Volvariella volvacea cultivation using spent mushroom substrate of Pleurotus eryngii

作　　者：阿布来提·托合提热结甫 张国庆 果禹鑫 张文强 陈青君 杨佳玉 TOHTIRJAP·Ablat;ZHANG Guoqing;GUO Yuxin;ZHANG Wenqiang;CHEN Qingjun;YANG Jiayu(Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique,College of Plant Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,农业应用新技术北京市重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2020年第3期520-527,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系北京市食用菌创新团队(BAIC05-2019);北京市农委农业科技项目(20180125);北京市科技计划项目(Z181100009818007)资助。

摘　　要：杏鲍菇是木腐型食用菌,其菇渣可以用于草腐型食用菌(如草菇)的栽培.为探讨杏鲍菇菇渣栽培草菇过程木质纤维素的利用情况及其降解酶活性变化,以杏鲍菇菇渣(SMS)和杏鲍菇菇渣加玉米芯(SMS-C)两个配方,采用二次发酵工艺进行草菇栽培,测定培养料理化性质、木质纤维素含量及其降解酶活性变化,并分析经济效益.结果显示,一次发酵阶段,SMS配方对纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的利用率分别为17.62%、18.78%和6.39%,SMS-C配方分别为23.71%、26.02%和6.81%;二次发酵阶段SMS配方分别为14.17%、11.12%和6.98%,SMS-C配方分别为16.36%、18.91%和4.43%;草菇发菌和出菇过程中,SMS配方分别为13.19%、13.06%和12.63%,SMS-C配方分别为11.37%、11.41%和7.31%.两个配方培养料不同时期的纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和漆酶活性变化趋势大体一致,SMS-C配方纤维素酶活性在发酵和出菇过程中均高于SMS配方,与期间纤维素利用率结果一致;发菌和出菇期,SMS配方木聚糖酶活性高于SMS配方;两个配方均在发菌阶段表现出较高的漆酶活性.SMS和SMS-C配方生物转化率分别为14.08%和11.85%,投入产出比分别为3.71和3.12,均高于同条件下废棉配方投入产出比.本研究表明,利用杏鲍菇菇渣栽培草菇过程中,优先利用纤维素和半纤维素,表现出较高纤维素酶和木聚糖酶活性,这种栽培方法技术可行、经济效益高.King oyster mushroom(Pleurotus eryngii)is a wood rotting mushroom species whose spent substrate can be utilized in cultivating straw rotting mushroom(e.g.Volvariella volvacea).In this study,we aimed to investigate the utilization of lignocellulose and the changes occurring in lignocellulose degrading enzymes during the V.volvacea cultivation using spent mushroom substrate(SMS)of P.eryngii.For this,two formulae using SMS and SMS with corncob(SMS-C)were prepared for V.volvacea cultivation using the secondary fermentation technology.Physico-chemical properties,lignocellulose components,lignocellulosic enzyme activities,and economic performances of the two formulae were determined.During phase I composting,the utilization rate of cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin of SMS formula was 17.62%,18.78%,and 6.39%,respectively,while that of SMS-C formula was 23.71%,26.02%,and 6.81%,respectively.During phase II composting,the utilization rate of cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin of SMS formula was 14.17%,11.12%,and 6.98%,respectively,while that of SMS-C formula was 16.36%,18.91%,and 4.43%,respectively.During the cultivation of mushroom,the utilization rate of cellulose,hemicellulose,and lignin of SMS formula was 13.19%,13.06%,and 12.63%,respectively,while that of SMS-C formula was 11.37%,11.41%,and 7.31%,respectively.The change trends of cellulase,xylanase,and laccase in the two formulae at different stages were similar.Cellulase activity of SMS-C formula at different stages was higher than that of SMS formula,which was consistent with the results of cellulose utilization.Xylanase activity of SMC formula was higher than that of SMS-C formula during mushroom cultivation.Laccase activity of the two formulae increased and maximized during the pinning stage.The bioconversion rates of SMS and SMS-C formulae were 14.08%and 11.85%,respectively,and the input-output ratios were 3.71 and 3.12,respectively,which were higher than those of waste cotton formula under the same conditions.Cellulose and hemicellulose were preferentially util

关 键 词：杏鲍菇菇渣 草菇栽培 木质纤维素 木质纤维素降解酶 

分 类 号：S646.13[农业科学—蔬菜学]