不同林下植被管理措施对杉木大径材培育林土壤特性与出材量的影响  

Effects of different undergrowth vegetation management measures on soil characteristics and timber outturn of a large-diameter,timber plantation of Cunninghamia lanceolate

作　　者：费裕翀 吴庆锥 张筱 路锦 季春杉 林开敏[1,3] 曹世江 林思祖 曹光球[1,3] FEI Yuchong;WU Qingzhui;ZHANG Xiao;LU Jin;JI Chunshan;LIN Kaimin;CAO Shijiang;LIN Sizu;CAO Guangqiu(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;General Forestry Corporation of Mingxi County,Mingxi 365200,China;Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [2]福建省明溪县林业总公司,明溪365200 [3]国家林业和草原局杉木工程技术研究中心,福州350002

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2020年第3期626-634,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金(2017J01608);福建省高校青年自然基金重点项目(JZ160433);福建农林大学科研启动基金(61201400827)资助。

摘　　要：林下植被作为人工林生态系统的重要组成部分,探究科学合理的林下植被管理模式对于杉木大径材的培育具有重要意义.以杉木大径材培育林为研究对象,分析林下植被保留(UP)、林下植被去除(UR)和林下套种(IP)共3种林下植被管理措施对其土壤特性与出材量的影响.结果显示:不同林下植被管理模式下土壤理化性质与出材量存在明显差异.其中IP处理下林分土壤除含水率较低外,容重和孔隙度等物理特性良好;3种处理下林分土壤除容重外,含水率和总孔隙度等物理性质在不同土层之间差异较小;UP处理对林分土壤有机质、全钾和速效钾的积累作用最好,其次为IP处理,UR处理较差;就土壤全磷、水解氮和速效磷含量差异而言,总体呈IP>UR>UP,全氮含量则为IP>UP>UR;综合土壤水解氮、速效磷、速效钾的养分含量计算出3种林下植被管理模式下土壤养分库有效性指数,总体呈IP>UP>UR,其中IP和UP处理下林分土壤养分库有效性综合指数高于1;单株材积、大径材总出材量和大径材出材率均呈IP>UR>UP,UP、UR和IP处理下大径材出材率分别为75.66%、64.11%和77.51%;单株材积和大径材出材量与0-20cm土层土壤总孔隙度和有机质含量具有较强相关性.因此,UP和IP处理下的杉木大径材培育林土壤特性较优,大径材出材量较高,以上结果可为杉木大径材培育林土壤的改良以及探索科学合理的杉木大径材培育技术提供理论参考.Owing to the importance of undergrowth vegetation in plantation ecosystems,we aimed to determine scientific and reasonable undergrowth vegetation management measures of a large-diameter,timber plantation of Cunninghamia lanceolate.We analyzed the effects of three undergrowth vegetation management measures on soil characteristics and timber yield,such as undergrowth vegetation reservation(UP),undergrowth vegetation removal(UR),and interplanting(IP).There were obvious differences in soil characteristics and timber yields under various undergrowth vegetation management measures.In addition to low water content,the soil receiving the IP treatment had good bulk density and porosity.However,physical properties,such as water content and soil porosity,were not significantly different among soil layers and treatments.The UP treatment had the best effect on organic matter accumulation,total potassium,and available potassium,followed by IP and UR treatment.The total phosphorus,hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,and total nitrogen contents were the highest in the soil receiving IP treatment,followed by those in soil receiving UR treatment and UP treatment.The nutrient bank efficiency index of the three undergrowth vegetation management measures was calculated based on the hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium content in the soil,and the order of indexes differed with treatments as follows:IP>UR>UP.The comprehensive nutrient bank efficiency index of the IP and UP treatment was greater than 1.The individual volume,total yield of large-diameter timber,and the merchant ratio of large-diameter timber was the highest following IP treatment,and then following UR treatment and UP treatment;the merchant ratio of large-diameter timber under UP,UR,and IP treatment was 75.66%,64.11%,and 77.51%respectively.The individual volume and yield of large-diameter timber was strongly correlated with total soil porosity and the content of organic matter at a soil depth of 0-20 cm.The soil characteristics of the lar

关 键 词：大径材 土壤特性 杉木 养分库有效性指数 林下植被管理 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]