模拟降水量变化对华西雨屏区天然常绿阔叶林土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of simulated precipitation changes on soil enzyme activities in a natural, evergreen, broad-leaf forest in the Rainy Area of Western China

作　　者：刘雄 罗超[1,2] 向元彬 肖永翔[1] 周世兴 铁烈华[1] 胡峻嶍 韩博涵 黄世平[1] 黄从德 LIU Xiong;LUO Chao;XIANG Yuanbin;XIAO Yongxiang;ZHOU Shixing;TIE Liehua;HU Junxi;HAN Bohan;HUANG Shiping;HUANG Congde(College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Forestry Exploration and Design Institute,Chengdu 610084,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,成都611130 [2]四川省林业勘察设计研究院,成都610084

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2020年第3期635-642,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：长江上游生态安全协同创新中心开放基金项目资助。

摘　　要：土壤酶是土壤生物化学过程的参与者,在森林土壤有机物的矿质化和腐殖化过程中起着重要作用;研究降水量变化对土壤酶活性的影响对于揭示全球降水格局变化背景下土壤有机物的矿化与腐殖质的合成过程具有重要意义.从2013到2015年,以华西雨屏区天然常绿阔叶林为研究对象,通过布设减雨架和人工喷洒方式对降水量进行调控,设置了对照(Ctr)、减少10%降水量(Dr)和增加10%降水量(W)3种处理,研究降水量变化对土壤酶活性和有机质含量的影响.结果表明:Dr处理下土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性分别提高了4.0%、4.3%和2.1%,过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性分别降低了3.9%、5.9%和10.3%;W处理下蔗糖酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性分别降低了12.4%、6.4%和14.4%,过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶活性分别提高了5.8%、3.9%和3.8%.多元线性回归分析表明,土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)、NH4^+-N含量和含水量是土壤酶活性变异的主导因子.Dr处理降低了土壤有机质含量,而W处理提高了土壤有机质含量.相关性分析表明,土壤有机质含量与土壤水解酶活性呈负相关关系,与氧化还原酶活性呈正相关关系.上述结果说明降水量变化通过影响土壤理化性质改变了华西雨屏区天然常绿阔叶林的土壤酶活性,进而影响了土壤有机质含量,对土壤有机质的转化过程产生了重要影响.Soil enzymes participate in the soil biochemistry process and play an essential role in regulating soil organic matter mineralization and humification in forest ecosystems.Examining the responses of soil enzyme activities to altered precipitation is crucial to understand soil organic matter mineralization and humification and their response to climate change.A field precipitation control experiment was carried out to study the effects of precipitation shifts on soil enzyme activities and soil organic matter content in a natural,evergreen,broad-leaved forest in the Rainy Area of Western China from 2013 to 2015.Three treatments were investigated:control without throughfall reduction(Ctr),10%throughfall reduction(Dr),and 10%precipitation increase(W).The results showed that the Dr treatment stimulated the activities of invertase,urease,and acid phosphatase by 4.0%,4.3%,and 2.1%but suppressed the activities of catalase,peroxidase,and polyphenol oxidase by 3.9%,5.9%,and 10.3%,respectively.The W treatment suppressed the activities of invertase,urease and,acid phosphatase by 12.4%,6.4%and 14.4%but stimulated the activities of catalase,peroxidase,and polyphenol oxidase by 5.8%,3.9%,and 3.8%,respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that soil microbial biomass carbon(MBC),NH4+-N,and water contents were the main factors regulating the variation in enzyme activities.We also found that soil organic carbon content decreased following Dr treatment but increased following W treatment.Correlation analysis showed that soil organic matter content was negatively correlated with soil hydrolase activity but positively correlated with oxidoreductase activity.Overall,the results indicated that altered precipitation changed soil enzyme activities by affecting the physical and chemical properties of soil,thereby affecting the content and transformation process of soil organic matter in the natural,evergreen,broad-leaved forest.

关 键 词：降水量变化 土壤酶活性 土壤有机质含量 天然常绿阔叶林 华西雨屏区 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]