生物农药与化学农药混用对花生蛴螬的减药防控效果  

Control Efficacy of Biological Pesticides,Chemical Pesticides and Their Mixtures on Peanut White Grub

作　　者：谢明惠 陈浩梁 林璐璐 张光玲 钟永志 倪皖莉[2] 苏卫华 XIE Ming-hui;CHEN Hao-liang;LIN Lu-lu;ZHANG Guang-ling;ZHONG Yong-zhi;NI Wan-li;SU Wei-hua(Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-products Safety,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;Institute of Crop Research,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院植物保护与农产品质量安全研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽省农业科学院作物研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《花生学报》2020年第2期77-81,共5页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(1908085QC137);国家重点研发项目(2018YFD0201009);安徽省农业科学院科技创新团队(18C1123)。

摘　　要：为明确生物农药与化学农药混用对防治花生蛴螬的减药防控效果,本研究将2种生物农药(白僵菌、绿僵菌)与2种化学杀虫剂(吡虫啉、辛硫磷)及1种化学杀菌剂(萎锈·福美双)混用,评价其对花生蛴螬的田间防效及对出苗等影响。结果表明:常规剂量下,单独应用2种生物农药对蛴螬防治效果显著低于2种化学药剂;2种生物农药半量混用后的出苗率和防治效果均为最差;分别将吡虫啉和辛硫磷与2种生物农药剂量减半后混用,其防治效果与常规剂量应用化学农药无显著性差异;添加杀菌剂萎锈·福美双可明显提高出苗率、增加产量。因此,推荐使用2种化学杀虫剂减半剂量(吡虫啉:1.50 mL/kg种子,辛硫磷:20.00 mL/kg种子,二选一),加入杀菌剂萎锈·福美双(3.00 mL/kg种子)混合后拌种,在播种时加入减半剂量的生物农药(2.25 kg/hm^2白僵菌拌毒土或15.00 kg/hm^2绿僵菌穴施,二选一)来防控花生蛴螬,达到减施化学农药,增效提质的目的。In order to clarify the control effect of biological pesticides and chemical pesticides,two biological pesticides(Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae),two chemical pesticides(imidacloprid and phoxim)and one chemical fungicide(carboxin-thiram)were mixed to compare the field control effect on peanut white grub.The results showed that the control effect of two biological pesticides were significantly lower than that of chemical agents,and the mixed use of two biological pesticides had the most undesirable effect.Half doses of chemical pesticides,mixing with the biological pesticides,had no significant difference with full dose of chemical pesticides.Seed dressing with carboxin-thiram benefited on emergence rate and increased yield.To reduce the use of pesticides and increase control effect,we recommended that the peanut seed should be dressed with one of the two chemical pesticides(imidacloprid:1.50 mL/kg seed,phoxim:20 mL/kg seed)and chemical fungicide(carboxin-thiram:3.00 mL/kg seed),while half dose of biological pesticides would be added at the time of sowing(Beauveria bassiana:2.25 kg/ha,Metarhizium anisopliae:15.00 kg/ha,only one biological pesticide could be selected).

关 键 词：生物农药 化学农药 花生 蛴螬 田间防效 

分 类 号：S481.9[农业科学—农药学] S435.652[农业科学—植物保护]