马鞍山市社区老年人跌倒现况分析  

Falls among the elderly in community of Ma’anshan: a cross-sectional study

作　　者：秦其荣[1,2] 王春 蔡华英[1] 卞正平[1] 李杰[3] 孙业桓[3] QIN Qi-rong;WANG Chun;CAI Hua-ying;BIAN Zheng-ping;LI Jie;SUN Ye-huan(Ma’anshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ma’anshan,Anhui 243011,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心,安徽马鞍山243011 [2]蚌埠医学院公共卫生学院,安徽蚌埠233030 [3]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第13期2376-2380,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：马鞍山市科技局资助项目(YL-2017-02);安徽省高校人文社科研究重大项目(SK2018ZD013)。

摘　　要：目的了解马鞍山市社区老年人跌倒分布特征及影响因素,为制定社区老年人跌倒干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,选择居住在马鞍山市社区的60岁以上老年人进行入户访谈,调查过去1年的跌倒状况。结果 3 476名社区老年人中过去1年跌倒发生(人)率为10.0%,重复跌倒发生(人)率为3.1%;跌倒发生(次)率为18.0%,重复跌倒发生(次)率为7.9%。1年内跌倒发生总体呈上升趋势,12月份达到高峰,1天中跌倒主要发生在6∶00~11∶00,14∶00~18∶00两个时间段;住所外跌倒发生率略高于住所内,公路/小区道路是跌倒最常发生的地点;在全部跌倒人群中,跌倒受伤率为57.9%,就医率为30.4%。有序logistic结果显示,较高的年龄、患慢性病、有疼痛、与日常生活能力正常相比日常生活能力障碍、处于抑郁状态的老年人更容易跌倒。结论社区老年人跌倒问题不容忽视,应根据老年人跌倒特点开展有针对性的预防措施。Objective To investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of falls among older adults in Ma’anshan City, and to provide theoretical basis for the development of intervention measures for falls. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the falls in the past year by interviewing people aged ≥60 living in Ma’anshan. Results The incidence(people) of falls in the past year was 10% among the 3476 elderly people, and the rate(people) of repeated falls was 3.1%. The incidence(times) of falls in the past year was 18.0%, while 7.9% for repeated falls. The number of falls showed an upward trend in one year, reaching its peak in December. And it occurred mainly in 6:00-11:00 and 14:00-18:00 in one day. The incidence of falls outside the residence was slightly higher than that in residence, highways/residential roads were the common places for falls. The rate of injuries was 57.9% among all the falls, and the visiting rate was 30.4%. Ordinal Logistic Regression showed that older people with higher age, chronic diseases, pain, impaired activities of daily living, and depression were more likely to fall. Conclusion Falls in the elderly has become a public health issue. It is necessary to take targeted preventive measures according to the characteristics of the falls.

关 键 词：跌倒 老年人 社区 现况调查 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]