贵州省麻风病高残疾相关影响因素分析  

Analysis on related factors of high disability among leprosy patients,Guizhou

作　　者：杨琴[1] 李进岚[2] 赵廷方 元康[4] 王世震 YANG Qin;LI Jin-lan;ZHAO Ting-fang;YUAN Kang;WANG Shi-zhen(Guiyang Center for Disease Control and Prevetion,Guiyang,Guizhou 550003,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵阳市疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550003 [2]贵州省疾病预防控制中心结核病防治研究所,贵州贵阳550004 [3]黔西南州疾病预防控制中心,贵州兴义562400 [4]安顺市疾病预防控制中心,贵州安顺561000 [5]毕节市第二人民医院,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第13期2437-2441,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81260436);贵州省省长专项资金项目(201223)。

摘　　要：目的了解贵州省麻风病高残疾的影响因素,为今后的麻防工作提供科学依据。方法对贵州省2012-2018年387例新发麻风患者采用统一问卷进行现场调查,并将问卷和病案信息录入EXCEL表格建立数据库,用SPSS 18.0软件对麻风患者发生残疾的影响因素进行χ^2检验和非条件logistic多因素分析。结果麻风患者发生残疾的单因素主要与文化程度、首发症状、神经损伤、型别、发现方式、传染源、家庭成员数、延迟期长短及报病者职业的不同有关(P<0.05);非条件logistic多因素分析,麻风患者文化程度(OR=2.958,95%CI:1.507~5.808)、延迟期(OR=4.749,95%CI:2.196~10.27)、不同麻风型别(OR=5.607,95%CI:2.760~11.00)和不同职业的报病者(OR=3.182,95%CI:1.146~8.833)是麻风患者发生高残疾的影响因素。结论麻风患者发生残疾的因素错综复杂,主要与麻风患者的文化程度、麻风型别、延迟期的长短及报病者的职业有关。提高早期病人皮肤可疑症状识别,是减少麻风残疾发生的关键策略。Objective To understand the influencing factors of high disability of leprosy in Guizhou Province,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention of leprosy. Methods From 2012 to 2018,387 new leprosy patients from Guiyang City,Anshun City, Bijie City and Qianxi ’nan prefecture in Guizhou Province were investigated on the spot with unified questionnaires,the questionnaires and medical record information were input into EXCEL to build a database. Chi-square test and logistic multivariate regression analysis were performed on the influencing factors of disability in leprosy patients with SPSS18. 0 software. Results The single factor of disability among leprosy patients was significantly related totheir educational level,first symptom,nerve injury,type,discovery mode,infection source,family member,delay duration and occupation of reporter( P < 0. 05). According to the multivariate analysis of nonconditional logistic regression,the education level of leprosy patients( OR = 2. 958,95% CI: 1. 507-5. 808),delayed period( OR = 4. 749,95% CI: 2. 196-10. 27),different leprosy types( OR = 5. 607,95% CI: 2. 760-11. 00),and the reported patients of different occupations( OR = 3. 182,95% CI:1. 146-8. 833) were the risk factors for the occurrence of high disability among leprosy patients. Conclusion The factors leading to disability in leprosy patients are complex,the education level of the patients,the type of leprosy,the length of the delay and the occupation of the applicant are included. Enhancing of early patient diagnosis is a key strategy to reduce disability among leprosy patients.

关 键 词：麻风病 高残疾 影响因素分析 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]