简牍所见“专职”士吏与汉代边郡粮食管理  

The“Full-time”(专职)Shili(士吏)and Border County Food Management of Han Dynasty which Seen in the Bamboo Slips

作　　者：吴方浪[1] WU Fang-lang(College of History,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学历史文化与旅游学院,江西南昌330022

出　　处：《中国农史》2020年第3期69-78,共10页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：中国博士后面上资助“汉代丝织品消费问题研究”(2019M650155);江西省社科规划一般项目《新出汉简与汉代边郡贳贷问题研究》(18wt21)。

摘　　要：出土简牍所见"将转守士吏""掌官士吏""将廩士吏""專部士吏"等"专职"士吏是汉代边塞属吏设置的特殊现象,鲜有学者关注。与普通士吏的职责多样性不同,"专职"士吏职责明确、事务专一,其中"将转守士吏"将领粮食转运,"掌官士吏"主管粮食"入受","将廩士吏"从事廩食发放,"專部士吏"负责粮食监察管理,从转运"、入受"、廩食发放到粮食监察管理,边郡粮食后勤管理的每一个阶段都有"专职"士吏参与,体现了边郡政务运作在应对特殊情况时的灵活与高效,是两汉边郡政务在特殊情况下非常态化机动运作的产物,可为我们从另一侧面洞察两汉边郡政务运行机制提供新视角。The Bamboo Slips Unearthed seen that"Jiangzhuan Shoushili"(将转守士吏)、"Zhangguan Shili"(掌官士吏)、"Jianglin Shili"(将廩士吏)、"Zhuanbu Shili"(專部士吏)these"full-time"(专职)Shili(士吏)was a special phenomenon set by the frontiers of the Han Dynasty,little scholars pay attention.Different from the diversity of duties of ordinary Shili(士吏),these"full-time"(专职)Shili(士吏)had clear responsibilities,transaction-specific,among them,the"Jiangzhuan Shoushili"(将转守士吏)in charged food transport,"Zhangguan Shili"(掌官士吏)supervisored food"Ru-shou"(入受),"Jianglin Shili"(将廩士吏)engaging in foraging,"Zhuanbu Shili"(專部士吏)responsible for food inspection and management.From transshipment,"Ru-shou"(入受)、foraging、food inspection and management,at each stage of the border county food logistics management,there is a"full-time"(专职)Shili(士吏)participation,it reflects the flexibility and efficiency of the operation of the border county government in dealing with special situations,it is the product of the extraordinary operation of the Han Dynasty and the county government in special circumstances,it could provide a new perspective for us to gain insight into border county government operation mechanism of Han Dynasty.

关 键 词：汉代 “专职”士吏 粮食管理 边郡政务运作 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]