中国北方草地生态系统服务评估和功能区划助力生态安全屏障建设  

Assessment of Ecosystem Services and Ecological Regionalization of Grasslands Support Establishment of Ecological Security Barriers in Northern China

作　　者：白永飞[1,2,3] 赵玉金 王扬 周楷玲[1,3] BAI Yongfei;ZHAO Yujin;WANG Yang;ZHOU Kailing(State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;Inner Mongolia Grassland Ecosystem Research Station,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室,北京100093 [2]中国科学院植物研究所内蒙古草原生态系统定位研究站,北京100093 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2020年第6期675-689,共15页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院野外站联盟项目(KFJ-SW-YW037);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500804)。

摘　　要：北方草地是我国重要的绿色生态屏障,也是黄河、长江、澜沧江、滦河等江河的发源地和水源涵养区,其对保障我国生态安全,提升生态系统服务和生态系统稳定性具有极其重要的作用。长期以来,我国在畜牧业生产中重视草地的生产功能,而忽视其生态功能,导致生产功能过度利用,以及生态系统服务和生态功能降低,继而严重威胁着我国的生态安全。开展北方草地生态系统服务评估,制定北方草地主体功能区划,是构建和优化生态安全屏障体系,科学配置草地的生态-生产功能,推进生态文明,统筹山水林田湖草一体化保护和修复,建设"美丽中国",实现人与自然和谐共生的国家重大科技需求。文章基于北方草地生态系统服务和资源环境条件的空间分异规律,将北方草地划分为7个功能区、25个亚区。该生态功能区划将为制定区域国土空间规划,科学布局重要生态系统保护和修复重大工程,统筹推进生态保护和修复工作提供重要的科技支撑。Grassland ecosystems of Northern China,the headwaters region and water resource conservation areas for the Yellow River,the Yangzi River,the Lancang River,and the Luanhe River,are important ecological security barriers in China.They play extremely important roles in maintaining multiple ecosystem functions and services and sustaining multinational cultural diversity.However,the grassland ecosystems of Northern China have experienced widespread deterioration in functions and services since the last several decades due to the overexploitation of production functions at the cost of their ecological functions.Therefore,assessment of ecosystem services and ecological regionalization of grasslands in Northern China are needed for optimizing their production functions and ecological functions,establishing ecological security barriers,and achieving ecological civilization.Based on the spatial patterns of key ecosystem services and environmental conditions,we propose seven ecoregions and twenty-five sub-ecoregions across grassland ecosystems in Northern China.The ecological regionalization of grasslands can be used to guide sustainable grassland management,restoration of degraded grasslands,and biodiversity conservation in Northern China.

关 键 词：中国北方草地 生态系统服务 生态系统服务价值评估 生态功能分区 生态-生产功能合理配置 生态安全屏障 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]