宁夏西吉县2岁以下儿童监护人风疹相关知识宣传干预效果评价  

Evaluation of Intervention Effect of Rubella Related Knowledge,Attitude and Behavior in Guardians of Children under 2 Years of Age in Xiji County of Ningxia

作　　者：石晓娟[1] 周莉薇[1] 周路平[1] 马金宇[1] SHI Xiaojuan;ZHOU Liwei;ZHOU Luping;MA Jinyu(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Ningxia,Yinchuan750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心,银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医科大学学报》2020年第6期618-622,共5页Journal of Ningxia Medical University

摘　　要：目的探索防控风疹的有效措施,为卫生行政部门制定免疫策略和开展干预提供科学依据。方法在宁夏固原市西吉县随机抽取5个乡镇,每个乡镇(社区)随机选择3个村(居民小区),每村(居民小区)调查20名0~2岁儿童的监护人,入户调查儿童监护人对风疹防控的认知水平和2岁以下儿童含风疹成分疫苗接种现况。宣传干预4个月后,采用同样的抽样方式对以上人群开展终期评估调查。结果宣传干预后儿童监护人对风疹相关知识正确率与干预前相比提高幅度为11.00%~83.67%,儿童监护人对风疹成分疫苗相关知识的掌握水平也明显提高,正确率提高幅度为68.33%~86.00%,基线调查时各被调查疫苗的合格接种率在92.68%~97.19%,终期调查时各被调查疫苗的合格接种率为94.96%~99.65%,均在90%以上。儿童监护人最喜欢的宣传主体是接种医生,最有用的宣传方式为一对一宣教。结论干预后儿童监护人对风疹和风疹成分疫苗相关知识的知晓率大幅提升,对于风疹、先天性风疹综合征(congenital rubella syndrome,CRS)的预防都将发挥积极的作用。Objective To explore effective measures for prevention and control of rubella and provide scientific basis for health administrative departments to formulate immunization strategies and carry out interventions.Methods Five townships were randomly selected,and three villages from each township(community)were randomly selected(residential areas). Twenty guardians of children aged 0-2 years from each village in Xiji County,Guyuan City,Ningxia were investigated. A household survey was conducted to investigate the status of rubella-containing component vaccination among children under 2 years of age and their guardians’ awareness of rubella prevention and control. After 4 months of publicity and intervention,the same sample method was applied to carry out the final assessment survey for the same population. Results After propaganda and intervention,the correct rate of rubella-related knowledge of child guardians increased by 11.00%-83.67%compared with that before intervention. The mastery level of rubella-related knowledge of child guardians also improved significantly. The correct rate increased by 68.33%-86.00% and the eligible vaccination rate of each vaccine investigated at baseline was 92.68%-97.19%,the eligible vaccination rate of each vaccine was94.96%-99.65%,all above 90%. The favorite propaganda subject for child guardians was the vaccination doctor,who believed that the most useful propaganda method was one-to-one propaganda. Conclusion After publicity and intervention,the awareness rate of child guardians about rubella and rubella component vaccines has been greatly improved. In view of the serious consequences of CRS,this intervention has achieved remarkable results and will play an active role in the prevention of rubella and CRS.

关 键 词：风疹 风疹疫苗 宣传干预 效果评价 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学] R186[医药卫生—临床医学]