2008-2017年柴达木盆地南缘24节气气候特征分析  

Analysis of 24 Solar Terms and Climate Characteristics of South Margin of Qaidam Basin from 2008 to 2017

作　　者：许学莲 李存莲 张亚珍 许圆圆 曹雪枫 XU Xue-lian;LI Cun-lian;ZHANG Ya-zhen;XU Yuan-yuan;CAO Xue-feng(Geermu Meteorological Bureau,Geermu Qinghai 816099,China;Dulan Meteorological Bureau,Xiariha Qinghai 816100,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省格尔木市气象台,格尔木市816099 [2]青海省都兰县气象局,夏日哈镇816100

出　　处：《青海农林科技》2020年第2期32-35,共4页Science and Technology of Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(41765008);青海省气象局《柴达木盆地南缘24节气气候特征分析及在预报服务中的应用》;格尔木市气象局课题《长江源头气候变化及其对牧草生长的影响》共同资助。

摘　　要：利用柴达木盆地南缘2008-2017年平均气温、降水量和日照时数逐日资料,分析平均气温、日照时数和降水量24节气内的变化,将立春、立夏、立秋和立冬作为24节气主要分界线,并选取惊蛰、清明、小满和芒种四个物候性节气为代表,采用线性趋势法进行年际变化特征分析。结果发现:柴达木盆地南缘平均气温和降水量24节气变化明显,日照时数变化不明显。大暑节气气温最高,大寒气温最低;立夏日照最大,小暑日照最小,立夏至白露日照波动较大;芒种降水达最达值,大雪达最小值。立春、立秋、清明、小满节气平均气温呈上升趋势,立夏、立冬、惊蛰、芒种平均气温呈下降趋势。立春、惊蛰节气日照时数长期变化不明显;立夏、立秋、立冬、芒种节气日照时数呈上升趋势,清明、小满节气日照时数呈下降趋势。立春、立冬、立夏、惊蛰、清明节气平均降水量呈上升趋势,立秋、芒种节气呈下降趋势。柴达木盆地南缘各站平均气温在立春节气中均呈显著升温趋势,降水量和日照时数的变化趋势不明显。Using the southern margin of the qaidam basin,2008-2017,the average temperature,precipitation and sunshine hours daily data,analysis of the average temperature,sunshine hours and rainfall changes in section 24,spring,summer,beginning of autumn and winter begins as the main line,24 solar terms and insects,qingming,grain full and grain in ear represented four phenological sex solar terms,the linear trend method is adopted to analyze inter-annual features.The results showed that the 24 solar terms of average temperature and precipitation in the south margin of qaidam basin changed obviously,while the variation of sunshine hours was not obvious.The temperature is the highest in major heat and the lowest in major cold.The sunshine from beginning of summer was the largest,the sunshine from minor heat was the smallest,and the sunshine from beginning of summer to white dew fluctuated greatly.Grain in ear precipitation up to the maximum value,snow up to the minimum value.The average temperature of start of spring,start of autumn,tomb-sweeping day and xiaomeng solar term is on the rise,while the average temperature of start of summer,start of winter,awakening of insects and grain in ear is on the decline.The long-term change of sunshine hours in the solar term of beginning of spring and awakening of insects is not obvious.The sunshine hours of start of summer,start of autumn,start of winter and grain in ear increased,while the sunshine hours of qingming and xiaomeng solar terms decreased.Beginning of spring,beginning of winter,beginning of summer,awakening of insects,qingming festival average precipitation showed an upward trend,beginning of autumn,grain in ear solar term showed a downward trend.The average temperature of each station on the south margin of qaidam basin shows a significant warming trend in the solar term of start of spring,while the variation trend of precipitation and sunshine hours is not obvious.

关 键 词：24节气 气候特征 柴达木盆地南缘 

分 类 号：P430[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]