直立岩层边坡岩体的静态爆破参数试验研究  

Study on Test of the Static Blasting Parameters of Slope Rock Mass with Vertical Stratum

作　　者：周云涛[1,2] 石胜伟[1,2] 谢忠胜[1,2] 张勇[1,2] 王林峰[3] Zhou Yuntao;Shi Shengwei;Xie Zhongsheng;Zhang Yong;Wang Linfeng(Technical Center for Geological Hazard Prevention and Control,CGS,Chengdu 611734,China;Institute of Exploration Technology CAGS,Chengdu 611734,China;Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards Mitigation for Mountainous Highway and Waterway,Chongqing Municipal Education Commission,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局地质灾害防治技术中心,四川成都611734 [2]中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所,四川成都611734 [3]山区公路水运交通地质减灾重庆市高校市级重点实验室,重庆400074

出　　处：《金属矿山》2020年第6期184-190,共7页Metal Mine

基　　金：四川省国土资源厅项目(编号:KJ-2018-20);中国地质调查项目(编号:DD20190643);山区公路水运交通地质减灾重庆市高校市级重点实验室开放基金重点项目(编号:kfxm2018-02)。

摘　　要：为了探索爆破参数对直立岩层边坡岩体的静态爆破影响效果,通过电测法测试了钢管试件中静态破碎剂产生的静态膨胀压,设计了考虑抵抗线、孔距、水平压力、布设方式等参数的静态爆破试验。试验结果得出:在径向约束条件下,静态破碎剂产生的膨胀压力随时间成指数增长趋势;在水平约束条件下,水平约束力越大,岩体开裂所需要的膨胀压越大,直立岩层岩体的残余水平构造应力是静态爆破设计的关键参数;钻孔裂纹贯通时间随孔距非线性增大,建议静态爆破设计孔距为2~2.5倍钻孔直径。进一步讨论得出:三角形布设方式的爆破效果明显优于矩形布设方式,直立岩层边坡岩体的静态爆破过程可分为岩体微裂、孔边裂纹扩展、裂纹密集发育和岩体碎裂4个阶段。To explore the static blasting effect of the blasting parameters on vertical slope rocks,the static expansion pressure generated by static cracking agents are tested by using electrometric methods,and the static blasting test consider⁃ing resistance line,borehole spacing,horizontal pressure and borehole layout mode are designed.Test results show that,the expansion pressure generated by the static cracking agents increases exponentially with time under the radial constraint con⁃dition;Under the horizontal constraint condition,the greater the horizontal constraint,the greater the expansion pressure re⁃quired for rock mass cracking;The residual horizontal tectonic stress of rock mass in the vertical stratum is the key parame⁃ter of the static blasting design;The crack connecting time increases nonlinearly with the borehole spacing and it is recom⁃mended that the design spacing for static blasting should be 2~2.5 times the diameter of the borehole.It is concluded that the blasting effect of triangular mode is obviously better than that of rectangular mode,and the static blasting process of excavat⁃ing rock mass in slope with vertical stratum can be divided into four stages:micro-cracks developing in rock mass,crack propagation at the borehole edge,crack growth densely and rock mass fragmentation.

关 键 词：爆破工程 静态爆破参数 模型试验 直立岩层边坡 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设] TU751.9[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]