KHA改性不同纤维素型多孔吸水海绵基质的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and properties of cellulose-type porous water absorbent sponge matrix modified by KHA

作　　者：宋洁[1] 柯如媛 牛育华[1,2] 王晨 马展 SONG Jie;KE Ru-yuan;NIU Yu-hua;WANG Chen;MA Zhan(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science & Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology,Xi’an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西西安710021 [2]陕西农产品加工技术研究院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《应用化工》2020年第6期1344-1347,1353,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51803114);陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2018ZDXM-NY-059);西安市科技计划项目(201806116YF04NC12(6));西安市科技创新引导项目(201805023YD1CG7(4));西安市科技计划项目(20193053 YF041NS041);未央区科技项目(201829)。

摘　　要：以腐植酸钾(KHA)、甲基纤维素(MC)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)等为主要原料,通过磁力搅拌法和冷冻干燥技术制备得到KHA/MC、KHA/HPMC、KHA/CMC三种海绵基质材料。利用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对材料进行了表征,并考察了三者对自来水的吸液倍率、保水性及耐酸碱性。结果表明:3种海绵基质形成互穿交联网络,KHA/CMC的网孔结构较前两者均匀致密;KHA/MC、KHA/HPMC、KHA/CMC在2.5 h后的饱和吸自来水率分别为207.9,230.1,292.1 g/g,40℃下、18 h后的保水率分别为27.9%,35.4%和59.6%,说明KHA/CMC型海绵基质具有较好的吸水保水性;KHA/CMC在pH=5~8的范围内吸水倍率都大于200 g/g,pH=7的时候达到最高吸水率279.7 g/g,均高于其他两种合成材料,说明KHA/CMC受pH的影响不太显著。Potassium humate(KHA),methyl cellulose(MC),hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC),carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)were used as the main raw materials to prepare the sponge matrix materials of KHA/MC,KHA/HPMC and KHA/CMC by magnetic stirring method and freeze drying technology.The materials were characterized by FTIR and SEM.The water absorption ratio,water retention at 40℃and acid and alkali resistance were investigated.The results showed that the three sponge matrix formed an interpenetrating cross-linking network.The mesh structure of KHA/CMC is more uniform than the KHA/MC and KHA/HPMC.The saturated water absorption rates of KHA/MC,KHA/HPMC and KHA/CMC after 2.5 h are respectively 207.9,230.1,292.1 g/g.The water retention rate after 18 h was 27.9%,35.4%and 59.6%,respectively,indicating that the KHA/CMC sponge matrix has better water absorption and water retention.KHA/CMC also has a water absorption ratio of more than 200 g/g in the range of pH=5~8,and the highest water absorption rate of 279.7 g/g at pH=7,which is higher than the other two synthetic materials,which indicates that the influence of pH on KHA/CMC is not significant.

关 键 词：腐植酸钾 纤维素 冷冻干燥 吸水海绵基质 

分 类 号：TQ352.4[化学工程]