细叶旱芹地上部化感物质粗分离物对4种草坪草及5种牧草的化感作用  

Allelopathic Effect of Crude Extracts of Allelopathic Substance from Aboveground Part of Cyclospermum leptophyllum on Four Turfgrasses and Five Herbages

作　　者：黄良伟 傅蝶子 白婧 彭友林 杨泽良 HUANG Liangwei;FU Diezi;BAI Jing;PENG Youlin;YANG Zeliang(College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Hunan University of Humanities,Science and Technology,Loudi Hunan 417000,China;School of Life and Environmental Sciences,Hunan University of Arts and Science,Changde Hunan 415000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南人文科技学院农业与生物技术学院,湖南娄底417000 [2]湖南文理学院生命与环境科学学院,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2020年第7期1078-1086,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41907037);湖南省自然科学基金(13JJ4105)。

摘　　要：采用滤纸培养皿法,以发芽率、发芽势、根长和苗长为指标,研究细叶旱芹(Cyclospermum leptophyllum(Pers.)Sprague ex Britton et P.Wilson)地上部化感物质对4种草坪草和5种牧草受体植物的种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,细叶旱芹地上部化感物质对4种草坪草和5种牧草的种子萌发和幼苗生长均有抑制作用,其中对种子发芽势抑制最明显,抑制率最高达96.3%;其次是对幼苗根长的抑制作用,抑制率最高达91.1%。通过比较种子萌发和幼苗生长的测定指标,得出5种馏分对草坪草的化感作用为石油醚相>氯仿相>正丁醇相>乙酸乙酯相>水相,而对牧草的化感作用为石油醚相>乙酸乙酯相>氯仿相>正丁醇相>水相。说明不同受体植物对相同萃取相组分的化感作用强弱存在差异,细叶旱芹地上部化感物质主要存在于石油醚馏分中,可进一步从中分离提取活性物质。By using the method of filter paper culture dish,the effects of allelopathic substances from aboveground part of Cyclospermum leptophyllum on seed germination(rate and potential)and seedling growth(root and seedling length)of four turfgrass species and five herb species were evaluated.The results showed that the allelopathic substances from aboveground part of Cyclospermum leptophyllum could inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of all tested plant species.Among them,the inhibition of seed germination potential was the most obvious,the inhibitory effect on seedling root length was followed,which the inhibition rates were 96.3%and 91.1%respectively.By comparing the parameters of seed germination and seedling growth,the allelopathic strength of the five fractions on turfgrass was sorted by the following order:petroleum ether phase>chloroform phase>butanol phase>ethyl acetate phase>water phase.The allelopathic order of five fractions on herbage was:petroleum ether phase>ethyl acetate phase>chloroform phase>butanol phase>water phase.These results indicated that different receptor plants had different allelopathic effects on the components of the same extraction phase.Allelopathic substances from aboveground part of Cyclospermum leptophyllum mainly existed in fractions of petroleum ether.Active substances could be further separated and extracted from fraction of petroleum ether.

关 键 词：细叶旱芹 化感作用 粗馏分 受体植物 

分 类 号：S545[农业科学—作物学] S312