战争防御背景下的中原传统乡村防御聚落特性研究  

Study on the Characteristics of Rural Defense Settlements in the Central Plains under the Background of War Defense

作　　者：葛毅鹏 冒亚龙[1,2,3,4] 关杰灵 谢函笑[1] GE Yipeng;MAO Yalong;GUAN Jieling;XIE Hanxiao

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院 [2]华南理工大学建筑设计研究院有限公司 [3]华南理工大学亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室现代建筑创作中心 [4]中国建筑学会岭南建筑学术委员会

出　　处：《小城镇建设》2020年第6期72-82,共11页DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL CITIES & TOWNS

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划“绿色建筑及建筑工业化”重点专项——“既有城市工业区功能提升与改造技术”(编号:2018YFC0704900);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金“分形美学视野下的客家围屋设计艺术研究”(编号:20YJAZH077)。

摘　　要：文章运用历史社会学、考古学和建筑学方法,基于战争与防御背景,从不同视角研究了中原地区军事化社会与乡村防御聚落的关系、乡村防御聚落的长期演变及其建构。研究结论包括:(1)中原乡村聚落堡寨化现象随战争周期性再现,防御性是凝固在中原聚落的地域性特征之一;(2)中原聚落防御体系在史前至封建末期的长时段里经历了从无到有,从简单到复杂,从单一到丰富的过程;(3)明清至民国的中原各类乡村防御聚落在防御思想和设施类型两方面相似,但因其社会背景、意识形态、修建动因、财力物力、人员素养的差异而呈现不同样态。Using the methods of historical sociology,archaeology and architecture,based on the background of war and defense,this paper studies the relationship between the militarized society and the rural defense settlements in the Central Plains,the long-term evolution and construction of the rural defense settlement from different perspectives.The phenomenon of village fortress in the Central Plains reappears periodically with the war,and defensive is one of the regional characteristics solidified in the Central Plains.In the long period from prehistory to the end of feudalism,the Central Plains settlement defense system experienced a process from scratch,from simple to complex,from single to rich.It is found that all kinds of rural defense settlements in the Central Plains from the Ming and Qing Dynasties to the Republic of China are similar in defense ideas and facilities types,but they show different patterns due to their differences in social background,ideology,construction motivation,financial resources and material resources,and personnel quality.

关 键 词：中原乡村聚落 聚落形态演变 防御聚落 战争与防御 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]