过渡金属非氧化物高熵陶瓷的研究进展  

Research Progress of Transition Metal Non-oxide High-entropy Ceramics

作　　者：陈磊[1,2] 王恺[1,2] 苏文韬 张文 徐晨光 王玉金[1,2] 周玉 CHEN Lei;WANG Kai;SU Wentao;ZHANG Wen;XU Chenguang;WANG Yujin;ZHOU Yu(Institute for Advanced Ceramics,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure-functional Integration Materials&Green Manufacturing Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院特种陶瓷研究所,哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工业大学先进结构功能一体化材料与绿色制造技术工信部重点实验室,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《无机材料学报》2020年第7期748-758,共11页Journal of Inorganic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51972081,51602074,51872061,51621091);黑龙江省自然科学基金(E2016026)。

摘　　要：高熵陶瓷是一种新兴的近等摩尔多组元单相固溶体陶瓷材料,特别是过渡金属碳化物、过渡金属硼化物等过渡金属非氧化物高熵陶瓷体系,其具有超高硬度、低热导和抗腐蚀等优异的理化性能,在航空航天、核能和高速切削加工等极端环境有着广阔的应用前景。目前,高熵陶瓷材料研究尚处于起步阶段,主要集中在成分设计、制备方法、单相形成能力和力学性能评价等方面,设计依据和理论方面的研究还相对较少。本文从高熵效应和高熵合金出发,综述了过渡金属非氧化物高熵陶瓷的制备、表征和理论研究进展,同时介绍了部分相关的高熵陶瓷涂层研究现状,总结并展望了非氧化物高熵陶瓷的未来前景和发展方向。High-entropy ceramics,a novel class of single-phase ceramic solid solutions consisting of near-equimolar multielement species,are recently attracting tremendous attentions.Especially,the transition metal non-oxide high-entropy ceramics,such as transition metal carbide and boride high-entropy ceramics,have been proposed for potential applications in aerospace,nuclear energy,high-speed machining and many other extreme environments,owing to their excellent physical and chemical properties including super-high hardness,low thermal conductivity,good oxidation resistance and corrosion/erosion resistance.Recently,the research of high-entropy ceramics is only focused on composition design,fabrication methods,single-phase stability and mechanical properties,but the design criterion and theoretical analysis are rarely reported.Based on the researches of high-entropy alloy,the fabrication,characterization and theoretical study of several transition metal non-oxide high-entropy ceramics are summarized,along with some related results of high-entropy film.The prospects for the future developments of high-entropy ceramics are also discussed.

关 键 词：高熵陶瓷 非氧化物 制备工艺 显微组织 性能 综述 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]