轻稀土矿城市路尘中重金属含量的粒径分布与空间分异  

Particle Size Distribution and Spatial Heterogeneity of Heavy Metals Content in Urban Road Dust of Light Rare Earth Mines

作　　者：王思雨 梁涛[1,2] 田舒菡 崔昊天 WANG Si-yu;LIANG Tao;TIAN Shu-han;CUI Hao-tian(Institute of Geographical Sciences and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Bejing 100101,China;Uniersity of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100490,China;Research Center for Eco-Enironmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《稀土》2020年第3期1-9,共9页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41571473)。

摘　　要：以典型轻稀土矿尾矿坝附近的工业区和居民区为研究区,首先通过分析不同粒径城市路尘中重金属元素的质量载荷,讨论了路尘中重金属元素含量的粒径分布和空间分异;然后通过主成分分析及稀土特征参数计算,识别了路尘中金属元素的来源。研究结果表明,稀土尾矿坝路尘中重金属元素变异系数较大,空间差异显著,工业区路尘中的金属含量和质量载荷通常高于居民区;重金属元素Cr在8种不同粒径路尘中质量载荷均较大;粒径<0.075 mm的路尘中金属质量载荷最大,随路尘粒径增大金属质量载荷显著减小;尾矿坝路尘中重金属元素的主要人为来源是工业源、燃烧源和交通源,主要自然来源是成土母质;稀土元素主要来自于土壤扬尘、矿源以及工业源。In this paper,the industrial area and residential area near the tailings pond of a typical light rare earth mine are used as the research area.First,we discussed the particle size distribution and spatial heterogeneity of heavy metal content in road dust by analyzing the mass loading of heavy metal in urban road dust with different particle sizes.Then we identify the source of metals in road dust by principal component analysis method and calculation of rare earth characteristic parameters.The results show that:The heavy metal elements in the dust of rare-earth tailings have significant spatial heterogeneity and large coefficient of variation.The metal content and mass load in road dust of industrial areas are higher than those of residential areas.The metal element Cr has a lager mass load among the 8 kinds of road dust with different particle sizes.Metal has the largest mass load in road dust with a particle size less than 0.075 mm,and its mass load decreases significantly as the particle size of road dust increases.Moreover,the main anthropogenic sources of heavy metals in tailings pond dust are industrial sources,combustion sources and traffic sources,while the main natural source is soil parent material;the rare earth elements mainly come from soil dust,mining sources and industrial sources.

关 键 词：路尘 重金属 粒径分布 空间分异 来源解析 尾矿坝 

分 类 号：O614[理学—无机化学]