《民法典》视野下所有权保留交易的法律构成  

The Legal Constitution of Ownership Reservation Transaction from the Perspective of Chinese Civil Code

作　　者：高圣平[1] Gao Shengping

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《中州学刊》2020年第6期46-54,共9页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)重大项目“民法典担保法的解释与适用”(20XNL003)。

摘　　要：所有权保留交易中,在买受人履行支付价款或者其他义务之前,出卖人向买受人交付标的物的行为并不具有转移标的物所有权的法律意义。在形式主义和功能主义相结合的立法态度之下,出卖人所保留的所有权被功能化为担保物权,但也保留了所有权的部分元素。买受人不履行支付价款或者其他义务时,出卖人享有标的物的取回权,并可在回赎期后再次出卖标的物,就变价款优先受偿。在出现所有权保留和其他权利相竞存的情形之下,以登记(取得对抗效力)的时间先后顺序来判断彼此之间的优先顺位;在基于所有权保留买卖合同交付标的物后10日内,所有权保留办理登记的,出卖人对标的物保留的所有权优先于标的物上的其他担保物权人受偿,但留置权人除外。In the transaction of ownership reservation,the seller′s act of delivering the subject to the buyer before the buyer performs the payment or other obligations does not have the legal significance of transferring the ownership of the subject.Under the legislative attitude of combining formalism and functionalism,the ownership retained by the seller is functionalized into security interest,but some elements of ownership are also retained.If the buyer fails to pay the price or perform other obligations,the seller shall have the right to take back the subject matter,and may sell the subject matter again after the redemption period,and shall have the priority of compensation for the price change.In the case of ownership reservation competing with other rights,the priority of each other shall be judged according to the time sequence of registration(obtaining antagonism effect).If the ownership reservation is registered within 10 days after the delivery of the subject matter based on the ownership reservation sales contract,the seller′s ownership of the subject matter retained shall have priority over other security interest holders on the subject matter,except for the lien holder.

关 键 词：所有权保留 所有权担保 取回权 登记对抗 超优先顺位 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]