女性生殖道畸形的病因学研究现状  

Research Progress in Etiology of Female Genital Tract Malformation

作　　者：孟戈[1] 段华[1] 马晓黎(审校)[1] MENG Ge;DUAN Hua;MA Xiao-li(Department of Gynecology Minimal Invasive Center,Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100006,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院妇科微创中心,北京100006

出　　处：《国际生殖健康／计划生育杂志》2020年第4期341-344,共4页Journal of International Reproductive Health/Family Planning

基　　金：北京市医院管理局临床医学发展专项——“扬帆”计划(ZYLX201406);首都医科大学临床医学高精尖学科建设项目(1192070309)。

摘　　要：女性生殖道畸形为女性人群中较为常见的一类疾病,是由于胚胎期女性生殖系统发育障碍所致的以生殖系统形态学异常为特征的先天性疾病,可引起闭经、性交困难、不孕、反复流产、痛经等一系列临床症状,严重影响女性患者的生殖生理与身心健康。由于女性生殖道发育是一个多因素、多阶段、多基因相互作用的连续动态过程,具有极其精细的时间顺序和复杂的空间关系,需要众多基因分子和信号通路高度协调的参与完成,故目前女性生殖道畸形的确切发病机制尚未明确。近年来,随着高通量基因测序技术的发展和基因敲除小鼠等动物实验模型的广泛应用,国内外学者在女性生殖道畸形的病因学研究上取得了较大进展。本文就女性生殖道畸形的病因学研究现状进行综述。The malformation of female genital tract is a common type of disease in female population,which is characterized by morphological abnormalities of reproductive system due to the developmental disorders of female genital tract during the embryonic period. Common clinical symptoms include amenorrhea, dyspareunia,infertility, recurrent abortion, dysmenorrhea, et al. The development of female genital tract is a continuous dynamic process of multifactorial, multistage and multi-gene interaction with the extremely fine temporal order and complex spatial relationships, suggesting that this developmental process is regulated by many genes and molecules, and signaling pathways. However, the exact pathogenesis of female genital tract malformation is not very clear. With the development of high-throughput gene sequencing technology and the extensive application of animal experimental models such as knockout mice in recent years, scholars at home and abroad have made great progress in the etiology of female genital malformations. In this article, we review the research progress of the etiology of female genital tract malformation.

关 键 词：女性 泌尿生殖系统畸形 苗勒管 病因学 基因 

分 类 号：R711.1[医药卫生—妇产科学]