新疆喀什噶尔河流域地下水形成的水文地球化学过程  

Hydrogeochemical processes of groundwater formation in the Kashgar River Basin,Xinjiang

作　　者：曾妍妍[1,2] 周金龙 乃尉华[3] 李麟 谭鹏飞 ZENG Yan-yan;ZHOU Jin-long;NAI Wei-hua;LI Lin;TAN Peng-fei(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;No.2 Hydrological and Engineering Geology Party of Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development,Changji 831100,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产勘查开发局第二水文工程地质大队,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2020年第3期541-550,共10页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：新疆自治区自然科学基金项目(2019D01B18);新疆自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2018Y020);国家自然科学基金项目(41662016);新疆农业大学校级大学生创新项目资助。

摘　　要：新疆喀什噶尔河流域地下水的形成主要受到溶滤、蒸发浓缩、阳离子交换和混合等的影响。石膏、岩盐和萤石矿物发生溶解,为地下水中的SO4^2-、Na^+、Cl^-和F^-提供重要来源;石膏、长石类、方解石和白云石等矿物的溶解,为地下水中的Ca^2+和Mg^2+提供主要来源。Gibbs图解法表明,北部克孜勒苏河地下水系统中潜水主要受岩石风化和蒸发浓缩的双重影响,承压水主要受岩石风化的影响;南部盖孜河地下水系统中潜水主要受蒸发浓缩的影响,个别浅层承压水采样点受岩石风化的影响。北部克孜勒苏河地下水系统中的阳离子交换作用强于南部盖孜河地下水系统;同时,阳离子交换作用随着含水层深度的逐渐增加而增强。地表水与地下水存在混合作用,不同含水层之间也存在着混合作用。The formation of groundwater was mainly affected by leaching,evaporation,cation exchange,and mixing in the Kashgar River Basin. The dissolution of gypsum,halite,and fluorite minerals provided important sources of SO4^2-,Na^+,Cl^-,and F^- to groundwater. Ca^2+ and Mg^2+ were mainly derived from the dissolution of minerals such as gypsum,feldspar,calcite,and dolomite. Gibbs diagrams show that unconfined groundwater was mainly affected by rock weathering and evaporation-concentration,whereas confined groundwater was predominantly affected by rock weathering in the northern part of the Kezilesu River groundwater system. Unconfined groundwater was mainly affected by evaporation-concentration,while shallow confined water was affected by rock weathering in the Gaizi River groundwater system in the southern part. Cation exchange was stronger in the Kezilesu River groundwater system in the northern part than in the Gaizi River groundwater system in the southern part. In general,cation exchange gradually increased with aquifer depth downward. Mixed action occurred both between the surface and groundwater,and also among different aquifers.

关 键 词：地下水 水化学特征 水文地球化学 喀什噶尔河流域 新疆 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]