立式储油罐智能清洗装置设计及流场仿真  

Design and Flow Field Simulation on the Intelligent Cleaning Device for Vertical Storage Tank

作　　者：何宇航 夏成宇[1] 方永 詹跃明[2] 王旭东 夏宏伟 He Yuhang;Xia Chengyu;Fang Yong;Zhan Yueming;Wang Xudong;Xia Hongwei(College of Mechanical Engineering,Yangtze University;Chongqing Energy College;Shale Gas Research Institute,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company;Engineering Technology Research Institute,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company)

机构地区：[1]长江大学机械工程学院 [2]重庆能源职业学院 [3]中石油西南油气田分公司页岩气研究院 [4]中石油西南油气田分公司工程技术研究院

出　　处：《石油机械》2020年第7期89-96,共8页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“深水无隔水管钻井涡动对钻柱动态响应研究”(51405032);西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室资助项目(PLN201605);石油天然气装备教育部重点实验室资助项目(OGE201702-02);长江大学青年人才基金项目(2015cqr15)。

摘　　要：原油在储油罐罐壁和底部形成油污,油污的长期积累不仅会降低油品的质量,也会对储油罐维护造成困难。传统清罐方式操作强度大、对环境污染严重、油料回收率低、耗时长、安全系数低。为此开发了一种机械式智能可控储油罐清洗装置,该装置利用PLC控制换向阀的开闭和气动马达的进气量,进而控制清洗喷头的周向旋转、上下摆动以及定点清洗,喷嘴的摆动精度为1°范围内可调,从而实现储油罐360°可控式智能清洗。利用Fluent进行了清洗装置高压喷嘴的流场仿真,对喷嘴的结构和流体入射速度进行了优选。为使高压流体到达壁面速度大于10 m/s时喷射区域尽量大,对流体的入射速度和喷嘴收缩角进行优化。结果表明入射速度为20 m/s、喷嘴收缩角为30°时清洗效果最优,流体到达壁面速度大于10 m/s时的喷射宽度为0.98 m。现场应用结果证明该装置清洗效果良好,清洗周期大大缩短。该装置的开发成功为储油罐的智能清洗提供了新方法。Oil stains are usually formed on the wall and bottom of storage tank.The long-term accumulation of oil stains will not only deteriorate the quality of oil products,but also lead to difficulties in the maintenance of storage tank.The traditional tank cleaning method is disadvantageous with high operation intensity,severe environmental pollution,low oil recovery rate,long time consumption and low safety factor.In this paper,a mechanical intelligent controllable cleaning device was developed to deal with this situation.In this device,PLC is used to control the opening and closing of reversing valve and the air intake of pneumatic motor,so as to control the circumferential rotation,up-and-down swing and fixed-point cleaning of cleaning nozzle.The swing precision of the nozzle is adjustable within the range of 1°,and thus 360°controllable intelligent cleaning of storage tank is realized.Then,the flow field of the high-pressure nozzle in the cleaning device was simulated using Fluent,and accordingly the structure of nozzle and the incident velocity of fluid were optimized.In order to keep the jet area as large as possible when the high-pressure fluid reaches the wall with a velocity over 10 m/s,the incident velocity of fluid and the contraction angle of nozzle were optimized.It is indicated that the cleaning effect is the best when the incident velocity is 20 m/s and the contraction angle is 30°.When the fluid velocity reaching the wall is greater than 10 m/s,the jet width is 0.98 m.The field application proves that this device is remarkable in cleaning effect and the cleaning cycle is shortened greatly.The research results provide a new method for the intelligent cleaning of storage tank.

关 键 词：立式储油罐 高压射流 智能清洗 喷嘴 FLUENT 

分 类 号：TE972[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]