短尾蝮操作性条件反射训练探究  

Operant Conditioning of Gloydius brevicaudus

作　　者：朴弋戈 刘杨 唐业忠[1] 陈勤[1] PIAO Yige;LIU Yang;TANG Yezhong;CHEN Qin(Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《四川动物》2020年第4期361-374,共14页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31970423);四川省科技计划项目(18ZDYF0325);中国科学院西部青年学者B类项目(2017XBZG_XBQNXZ_B_010)。

摘　　要：操作性条件反射训练是研究动物认知行为的重要方法,目前这一方法在经典模式动物中的应用较成熟,但在蛇类等爬行动物上鲜有报道。蝮亚科Crotalinae蛇类特有的红外感知觉系统受到了动物学、神经生物学和仿生学研究的关注,有效的操作性条件反射训练是揭示生物红外成像机制的关键方法。本实验以短尾蝮Gloydius brevicaudus为被试动物,采用Y迷宫考察了操作性条件反射训练的3种惩罚刺激方案。训练结果表明,水、高温、敲击刺激均不能使短尾蝮学会将Y迷宫路径选择与目标信号进行稳定关联。研究证明,基于现有惩罚刺激的训练方案对短尾蝮的条件反射习得效果弱于既有研究的其他实验动物。Operant conditioning is an important method in the study of animal behavior and cognition, and this method is commonly used in model animals. However, only few studies have reported the operant conditioning in snakes. Snakes in Crotalinae possess highly sensitive thermal receptors to detect subtle changes of infrared information in the environment, and this organ has received great attention from neuroscience, bionics and many other research fields. Effective operant conditioning may provide significant insights on the mechanism of infrared imaging function. In the present study, Y-maze was used to study the operant conditioning of short-tailed pit vipers(Gloydius brevicaudus). Different infrared shapes were displayed in the two arms of Y-maze with three kinds of aversive stimuli applied. By applying a "training-test" process, G. brevicaudus were trained to associate each infrared shape with the corresponding stimulus based on the differences between the shapes. The results showed that when water, high temperature and gentle pokes were used as aversive stimuli, G. brevicaudus failed to associate the assigned infrared shapes with the aim of escaping from the aversive stimuli. This study demonstrated that based on the current experimental design with aversive stimuli, the learning effectiveness of G. brevicaudus was worse than that of other animals in the previous studies.

关 键 词：短尾蝮 惩罚刺激 红外图形识别 操作性条件反射 Y迷宫 

分 类 号：Q959.6[生物学—动物学] Q958.1