不同肉质型桃果实成熟过程中乙烯生物合成相关基因的表达差异  

The expression differences of genes related to ethylene biosynthesis in different fleshy peach fruits during ripening

作　　者：陈星星 张斌斌[2] 郭绍雷 马瑞娟[2] 姜卫兵[1] CHEN Xingxing;ZHANG Binbin;GUO Shaolei;MA Ruijuan;JIANG Weibing(College of Horticulture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Institute of Pomology,Jiangsu Academy ofAgricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院果树研究所/江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2020年第4期637-644,共8页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-30);江苏现代农业(桃)产业技术体系项目(JATS〔2018〕257);江苏省优势学科建设工程项目(2011PAPD)。

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在研究不同肉质型桃果实在成熟过程中乙烯生物合成相关基因的表达及品质差异,为深入揭示果实软化机制及成熟度的准确判断提供理论依据。[方法]以软溶质型桃‘雨花露’‘霞晖5号’和‘奉化玉露’,硬溶质型桃‘霞晖6号’‘湖景蜜露’和‘霞晖8号’,Stonyhard型桃‘霞脆’‘华玉’和‘秦王’,不溶质型桃‘弗雷德里克’‘金童8号’和‘金童9号’的果实为材料,比较研究3个成熟度(七、八、九成熟)果实的乙烯释放规律,并利用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)技术分析与乙烯生物合成相关的基因表达水平的差异。[结果]桃果实硬度随着成熟度的增加逐渐降低,七、八、九成熟果实呼吸速率始终保持在较高的水平,且九成熟果实呼吸速率均高于七、八成熟果实。RT-qPCR结果表明,随着成熟度的增加,溶质型桃果实的PpACS1基因表达与果实乙烯释放速率保持高度一致,且乙烯释放量较高的九成熟果实中PpACS1基因均具有较高表达丰度,而Stonyhard型桃PpaACS1基因表达水平极低;PpACS4基因在不同肉质型桃果实中随成熟度递增表达上调,且溶质型桃果实基因表达量显著高于Stonyhard型桃;PpACO1基因在不同肉质型桃果实中均有表达,其表达水平随果实成熟度递增有所差异,且果实基因的表达丰度主要集中在八成熟果实中;PpACS2、PpACS3、PpACS5基因在桃果实成熟过程中几乎不表达。[结论]溶质型(软溶质、硬溶质和不溶质)桃果实在成熟过程中主要通过调节与乙烯生物合成相关的PpACS1、PpACS4、PpACO1基因的表达水平,进而控制桃果实的成熟软化;Stonyhard型桃果实由于基因表达水平受抑制,果实在成熟过程中一直维持较高的硬度。[Objectives]This study aimed to analyze the differences in the expression of genes related to ethylene biosynthesis and fruit quality during riping of different fleshy peach fruits,and provide a theoretical basis for revealing the accurate judgment of fruit softening mechanism and maturity.[Methods]Different peach varieties of‘Yuhualu’‘Xiahui 5’and‘Fenghuayulu’with soft-melting,‘Xiahui 6’‘Hujingmilu’and‘Xiahui 8’with hard-melting,‘Xiacui’‘Huayu’and‘Qinwang’with Stonyhard,‘Frederick’‘Babygold 8’and‘Babygold 9’with non-melting were collected as test materials.Combined with the changes of fruit firmness and respiration rate,the ethylene release patterns of three maturity(70%,80%and 90%maturity)fruits were compared,and the expression level differences of genes related to ethylene biosynthesis were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR).[Results]Peach fruit firmness gradually decreased with the increase of maturity.The respiration rates of 70%,80%and 90%maturity fruits were always maintained at a high level,and the respiration rate of 90%maturity fruits was higher than those of 70%and 80%maturity fruits.RT-qPCR results indicated that PpACS1 gene expression maintained a high degree of coordination with the ethylene production in soft-melting,hard-melting and non-melting with the increase of maturity.And the PpACS1 gene of 90%maturity fruits had high expression abundance,and the PpACS1 gene expression level in Stonyhard was extremely low.The PpaACS4 gene was up-regulated with increasing maturity in different fleshy peach fruits,and the gene expression levels of peach fruit with soft-melting,hard-melting and non-melting were significantly higher than that of with Stonyhard.PpACO1 gene was expressed in different fleshy peach fruits.Its expression level varied with fruit maturity,and the fruit gene expression abundance was mainly concentrated in 80%maturity fruits.PpACS2,PpACS3 and PpACS5 genes were hardly expressed during the ripening of peach fruit.[Conclusions]In

关 键 词：桃 乙烯 生物合成 成熟度 基因表达 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]