儿童急性呼吸道感染病毒病原学特征分析  

Analysis of viral pathogenic characteristics of acute respiratory tract infection in children

作　　者：何力宏 杨莹[1] 王丹[1] 姚敦瀚 曾琪璎 韩小舟 曹志强 徐晖 HE Lihong;YANG Ying;WANG Dan;YAO Dunhan;ZENG Qiying;HAN Xiaozhou;CAO Zhiqiang;XU Hui(Department of Paediatrics,The First School of Clinical Medicine,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;The Second School of Clinical Medicine,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730030,China;Department of Paediatrics,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第一临床医学院儿科,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学第二临床医学院,甘肃兰州730030 [3]兰州大学第一医院儿科,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2020年第S01期18-22,共5页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

基　　金：兰州大学卓越计划基金项目(20180060058)。

摘　　要：目的明确兰州地区儿童常见急性呼吸道感染病原分布及流行病学特征,为早期预防和合理治疗此病提供参考依据。方法选择2017年4月至2019年3月于兰州大学第一医院就诊的急性呼吸道感染住院患儿作为研究对象,回顾性研究其基本病例资料和呼吸道病毒病原体IgM抗体血清学检测结果。结果共纳入患儿2231例,病毒检出阳性者1252例(56.12%),其中单一病毒感染971例(43.52%),混合病毒的感染281例(12.60%);不同性别病毒检出率不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男性58.23%(697/1197)高于女性53.68%(555/1034);各年龄组病毒总检出率不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),婴儿组40.41%、幼儿组63.60%、学龄前组69.36%、学龄期组42.31%;各季节病毒总检出率为春季53.01%、夏季47.11%、秋季58.55%、冬季62.78%,秋冬两季较春夏两季高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论呼吸道合胞病毒和腺病毒是兰州地区儿童急性呼吸道感染的主要病原体,幼儿和学龄前期儿童为相对易感人群,男性感染率略高于女性,秋冬季节为相对高发季节。Objective To determine the pathogenic spectrum composition and epidemiological characteristics of common respiratory tract infection in children in Lanzhou area,and to provide reference for early prevention and reasonable treatment of this disease.Methods Children admitted to The First Hospital of Lanzhou University with acute respiratory tract infection from April 2017 to April 2019 were selected as the study subjects,and their basic case data and serological detection results of respiratory pathogen IgM antibody were retrospectively studied.Results A total of 2231 children were enrolled.one thousand two hundred and fifty-two cases(56.12%)were positive for the virus,including 971 cases(43.52%)with single virus infection and 281 cases(12.60%)with mixed virus infection.The detection rates of viruses were different between different genders(P<0.05),697 males(58.23%)and 555 females(53.68%).The total detection rate of virus was different among different age groups(P<0.05),40.41%in infant group,63.60%in infant group,69.36%in preschool group and 42.31%in school age group.The total detection rate of virus in each season was 53.01%in spring,47.11%in summer,58.55%in autumn and 62.78%in winter,which was higher in autumn and winter than in spring and summer(P<0.05).Conclusion Respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus are the main pathogens of acute respiratory tract infections in children in Lanzhou area.Children and preschool children are relatively susceptible groups.The infection rate of males is slightly higher than that of females.Autumn and winter are relatively high incidence seasons.

关 键 词：儿童 呼吸道感染 呼吸道病毒 病原学特征 

分 类 号：S85[农业科学—兽医学]