四种药用植物在喀斯特生境下的生理特征及适生性  

Physiological characteristics and adaptability of four medicinal plants in karst environment

作　　者：郝俊霄 靳文戈 李良波[1,3] 黄荣韶 唐辉[4] 甘凤琼 HAO Jun-xiao;JIN Wen-ge;LI Liang-bo;HUANG Rong-shao;TANG Hui;GAN Feng-qiong(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Journal Editorial Department,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;College of Medicine,Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530200,China;Guangxi Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Guilin 541000,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530004 [2]广西大学学报编辑部,南宁530004 [3]广西中医药大学药学院,南宁530200 [4]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西桂林541000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2020年第9期77-82,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA18118015);国家自然科学基金项目(31760112)。

摘　　要：以广西特色药用植物半枫荷(Semiliquidambar cathayensis)、裸花紫珠(Callicarpa nudiflora)、广西地不容(Stephania kwangsiensis)和山豆根(Sophora tonkinensis)为研究对象,利用Li-6400光合测定系统测定光合作用日变化,并结合叶绿素含量、叶片碳酸酐酶活力以及稳定碳同位素组成的测定,综合分析4种植物在广西那坡县喀斯特生境下的适生能力。结果表明,半枫荷和裸花紫珠光照利用能力较好,日均LUE值半枫荷(1.77%)>裸花紫珠(1.65%),且半枫荷和裸花紫珠的光补偿点低;广西地不容叶片的叶绿素含量和碳酸酐酶活力较高,分别为(3.13±0.20)mg/g和(8 290.00±41.50)WAU/gFW,广西地不容叶片的碳酸酐酶活力较高,说明其固碳能力较好;7—12月山豆根和裸花紫珠株高分别增加79和36 cm,植株生长旺盛;植物叶片的δ13C大小为半枫荷(-26.684±0.781)‰>广西地不容(-27.407±0.078)‰,均高于喀斯特地区C3植物的平均值,表明半枫荷和广西地不容具有较强的抗旱能力。综合分析表明,参试的4种植物对广西西南部喀斯特地区干旱环境均有不同的适应机制,表现出较好的适生性。Four medicinal plant species Semiliquidambar cathayensis,Callicarpa nudiflora, Stephania kwangsiensis and Sophora tonkinensis were collected from Napo county,Guangxi province. The diurnal variation of photosynthesis was measured by Li-6400 photosynthetic system,and combined with the determination of chlorophyll content,carbonic anhydrase activity of leaves and stable carbon isotope composition,the adaptability of four plants in Karst habitat of Napo county,Guangxi was analyzed. The results showed that S. Cathayensis and C. nudiflora had better light utilization ability,and their daily average LUE value was S. cathayensis(1.77%)>C. nudiflora(1.65%). And the optical compensation points of S. cathayensis and C. nudiflora were low. The chlorophyll content and carbonic anhydrase activity of S. kwangsiensis leaves were(3.13 ± 0.20)mg/g and(8 290.00 ± 41.50)WAU/gFW. The activity of carbonic anhydrase in leaves of S. kwangsiensis was higher,which indicated that it had better carbon fixation ability. From July to December,the plant height of S. tonkinensis and C. nudiflora increased by 79 and 36 cm respectively,and the plant grew vigorously.The δ13C size of plant leaves is S. cathayensis(-26.684±0.781)‰ > S. kwangsiensis(-27.407±0.078)‰,which was higher than the average value of C3 plants in karst area. It showed that S. cathayensis and S. kwangsiensis had strong drought resistance ability. The comprehensive analysis showed that the four plants had different adaptation mechanisms to the arid environment in the southwest of Guangxi karst area,showing good adaptability.

关 键 词：喀斯特生境 药用植物 光合生理特征 碳酸酐酶 稳定碳同位素 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]