淹水胁迫对观赏向日葵幼苗生长及生理指标的影响  

Effects of waterlogging stress on growth and physiology characters of ornamental sunflower seedlings

作　　者：罗洁 袁龙义[1] LUO Jie;YUAN Long-yi(College of Horticulture and Gardening,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2020年第9期86-90,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170400,31460132)。

摘　　要：试验以观赏向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.)幼苗为材料,研究了淹水胁迫对观赏向日葵幼苗生长及生理指标的影响。结果表明,淹水8 d时,观赏向日葵的株高显著低于对照(P<0.05),根系明显少于对照。淹水0~8 d时,观赏向日葵的丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量与对照无显著差异。淹水2 d时,观赏向日葵的超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性和脯氨酸含量均显著高于对照(P<0.05)。淹水8 d时,观赏向日葵的过氧化物酶(Peroxidase,POD)活性、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量均显著高于对照(P<0.05),且根毛区形成了通气组织。说明淹水胁迫抑制了观赏向日葵的生长,但其对淹水胁迫具有一定耐性,它一方面通过提高抗氧化酶活性和增加渗透调节物质含量来抵抗淹水胁迫,另一方面通过根系形成通气组织来适应淹水胁迫。Taking ornamental sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)seedlings as materials,the effects of waterlogging stress on the morphology,physiology and root anatomy of ornamental sunflower seedlings were studied. The results showed that the plant height of ornamental sunflowers were significantly lower than the control(P<0.05),and the roots were significantly less than that of control when they were waterlogged for 8 days. As for the concentrations of malondialdehyde(MDA)in ornamental sunflowers as measured at0 d to 8 d of waterlogging,there was no significant difference compared with controls. The activity and proline content of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in ornamental sunflowers were significantly higher than that in the control group when the sunflowers were waterlogged for 2 days. The peroxidase(POD)activity,soluble sugar and soluble protein content in ornamental sunflower were significantly higher than those in the control group when waterlogged for 8 days. This indicates that the growth of ornamental sunflowers is inhibited by waterlogging stress,but it has a certain tolerance to waterlogging stress. On the one hand,it can resist waterlogging stress by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic regulator content;on the other hand,it can adapt to waterlogging stress by forming aerenchyma in roots.

关 键 词：观赏向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.) 淹水胁迫 形态 生理特性 解剖结构 

分 类 号：S681.9[农业科学—观赏园艺] Q945.78[农业科学—园艺学]