农业生产成本和结构对产业发展的影响——基于对浙江省富阳地区5种作物的调研  

Effect of Agricultural Production Cost and Structure on Industrial Development-Based on the Investigation of Five Crops in Fuyang District of Zhejiang Province

作　　者：刘健伟 王勤红 方寒寒 陈建华 倪小明 王文鹏 LIU Jian-wei;WANG Qin-hong;FANG Han-han(Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Fuyang District in Hangzhou City,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310008;Fuyang College,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310008)

机构地区：[1]杭州市富阳区农业技术推广中心,浙江杭州310008 [2]富阳学院,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第14期221-224,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：杭州市富阳区农业科技发展计划项目(2017NK008)。

摘　　要：为分析浙江省富阳地区晚稻、油菜、茶叶、桃、梨5种主要作物生产成本的构成以及成本变化,2016—2018年连续3年调查了这5种主要作物的生产成本,明确了5种作物成本构成。结果表明,茶叶、桃、梨、油菜4种作物人工成本占总成本的40%~80%,在总成本中占首位,而晚稻栽培机械化程度高,机械化成本在总成本中占首位。对于以修剪为代表的技术较强的人工成本快速增长,人工成本仍是制约部分农业产业发展的主要因素。对于未来农业发展方式建议未来政府部门加大农业机械化作业推广力度,加强科技难题攻关,增强技术培训力度,加大土地流转,通过规模化、标准化来实现机械化,降低成本,提高作物的经济效益。To analyze change of production cost and cost structure of main crops(rice,rapeseed,tea,peach and pear)in Fuyang District of Zhejiang Province,the production cost of the five major crops were investigated from 2016 to 2018,the cost structure were clarified.The results showed that labor cost of four crops(tea,peach,pear,rapeseed)accounted for 40%-80%of the total cost,which ranked the top,while agricultural mechanization degree was higher on late rice than other main crops,the cost on mechanized operation ranked top.Labor costs on pruning rapidly increased,labor cost became the key factor restricting agricultural industries development.The study suggested that agricultural mechanization operations should be encouraged,scientific and technological problems should be solved hardly,technical training should be strengthened,land circulation should be increased.The crops benefits could be increased by scale cultivation and standardization.

关 键 词：农业成本 成本结构 发展方式 农作物 园艺作物 

分 类 号：S-9[农业科学]