微纳米气泡水地下滴灌对紫花苜蓿根际土壤养分和产量的影响  

Effects of Subsurface Drip Irrigation with Micro-nano Bubble Water on Rhizosphere Soil Nutrients and Yield of Alfalfa

作　　者：曹雪松[1] 郑和祥[1] 王军[1] 李和平[1] 冯亚阳[2] 岳湘鸿 CAO Xuesong;ZHENG Hexiang;WANG Jun;LI Heping;FENG Yayang;YUE Xianghong(Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Huhhot 010020,China;Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot 010018,China;Dalate Qi Soil and Water Conservation Work Station,Ordos 014300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古农业大学,呼和浩特010018 [3]达拉特旗水土保持工作站,内蒙古鄂尔多斯014300

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2020年第7期24-30,共7页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：中国水利水电科学研究院科研专项项目(MK2018J05);国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(2017YFC040320504);国家青年科学基金项目(41901052);内蒙古自然基金项目(2019MS05001)。

摘　　要：【目的】提出基于高产条件下适宜紫花苜蓿地下滴灌的微纳米气泡水溶解氧质量浓度。【方法】采用田间试验的方法,在地下滴灌土壤水分控制在25%FC^75%FC(FC为土壤田间持水率)条件下设低(1.8 mg/L)、中(5.0 mg/L)、高(8.2 mg/L)3个微纳米气泡水溶氧量质量浓度水平,以不加气处理为对照(CK)研究了紫花苜蓿根际土壤养分和产量状况。【结果】与CK相比,微纳米气泡水地下滴灌提高紫花苜蓿根际土壤速效氮量13.18%~65.49%、提高速效磷量7.02%~31.14%,降低速效钾量3.34%~15.77%。随着生育期的推进,土壤速效氮量呈下降趋势,速效磷、速效钾量呈先升高后降低的趋势。随着微纳米气泡水溶解氧质量浓度的增加,土壤速效氮、速效磷和速效钾量均降低;微纳米气泡水溶解氧质量浓度为5.0 mg/L时,紫花苜蓿干草产量最高可达17758.95 kg/hm2。【结论】微纳米气泡水地下滴灌能够增强根际土壤湿润体的通透性,促进紫花苜蓿根系的呼吸作用及对营养物质的吸收,增加干草产量,推荐地下滴灌紫花苜蓿适宜的微纳米气泡水溶解氧质量浓度为5.0 mg/L。【Background】The normal survival of animals cannot be separated from oxygen,and the normal growth and development of plants cannot be separated from oxygen.With oxygen,the plant's root system can maintain normal breathing and exert its function of absorbing nutrients and water.The respiration of crop roots not only supplies energy for plant life activities,but also the intermediate metabolites of respiration provide the necessary raw materials for plant material synthesis.However,flood disasters,high groundwater levels,excessive one-time irrigation,compacted soil,and soilless cultivation can easily make the soil rhizosphere soil or nutrient solution poorly ventilated,and the crop roots and microbial respiration are weakened,leading to crops Hypoxic stress with abnormal respiration and growth.Aerated irrigation skillfully solves the short board shortfall of oxygen in the crop root zone caused by insufficient soil permeability in the crop root zone,making agricultural production more efficient.【Objective】This study is to explore the effects of different dissolved oxygen levels on the rhizosphere soil nutrients and yield of alfalfa under the condition of subsurface drip irrigation with micro-nano bubble water and to analyze the quality of dissolved oxygen in micro-nano bubble water suitable for subsurface drip irrigation of alfalfa based on high yield.【Method】The field test method was used,with the irrigation quota of 75%FC(where FC is the field water capacity in the soil),and three micro-nano bubbles water dissolved oxygen mass concentration levels(low(1.8 mg/L),medium(5.0 mg/L)and high(8.2 mg/L))were set.The effects of mass concentration of dissolved oxygen in different micro-nano bubbles on the rhizosphere soil nutrients and yield of alfalfa under subsurface drip irrigation were analyzed.【Result】Compared with the non-aerated treatment,subsurface drip irrigation with micro-nano bubble water can increase the available nitrogen in the rhizosphere of alfalfa by 13.18%~65.49%,increase the available phos

关 键 词：加气灌溉 微纳米气泡水 地下滴灌 紫花苜蓿 根际土壤养分 产量 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]