全球价值链视角下的关税水平与贸易政策选择——基于生产分割视角的考察  

Tariff and Trade Policy Choice from the Perspective of Global Value Chain

作　　者：韩晶[1] 孙雅雯 HAN Jing;SUN Yawen

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院,100875

出　　处：《国际贸易问题》2020年第7期129-143,共15页Journal of International Trade

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代中国绿色发展的内生动力与长效机制研究”(18AJY010)。

摘　　要：本文构建理论模型,从全球价值链角度探究价值链参与程度及地位对关税水平的影响,利用2001-2014年21个国家(地区)14个制造行业的面板数据进行实证检验。研究结果显示:一国(地区)相对于中国价值链参与程度和地位的提升会显著降低对我国的关税;价值链参与和地位较高的国家(地区),其价值链地位提升对降低对我国关税的显著性更强,对价值链参与和地位较低的国家(地区),其价值链参与对关税的边际效应更大;资源密集型和技术密集型行业,其价值链地位对关税的影响显著,且资源密集型行业的边际效应更大,劳动密集型行业关税对两者的"敏感性"较低;未与中国签署贸易协定的国家(地区)价值链参与和地位对关税的影响不显著,但已签署协定国家(地区)的价值链地位提升对降低关税有显著影响;中美贸易摩擦也印证了以上结论。This paper constructed a theoretical model to explore the impacts of the GVC participation and GVC position on tariff,and made an empirical test using panel data of 14 manufacturing industries in 21 countries or regions from 2001 to 2014.The results show that improvements of a country’s GVC participation and GC position relative to China will significantly reduce tariff rate on China.For countries with higher GVC participation and GVC position,the improvement of GVC position is more significant in reducing tariff on China.For countries with lower GVC participation and GVC position,the marginal effect of GVC participation on tariff is greater.For resource-intensive industries and technology-intensive industries,GVC position plays a more significant role on tariff,and the GVC position’s marginal effect in resource-intensive industries is greater,while for laborintensive industries,the"sensitivity"of tariff on GVC is tiny.For countries that have not signed trade agreements with China,the impacts of GVC participation and GVC position on tariff is not significant,while for those who have signed trade agreements,the improvement of GVC position plays a more significant role on reducing tariff.China-US trade frictions also confirm the above conclusions.Then,this paper puts forward corresponding recommendations.In the future,China should continue to accelerate the industrial upgrading on the global value chain,deepen the GVC participation,adopt different trade policies for different trading partners,and enhance its comprehensive strength to actively respond to possible tariff barriers in the future.

关 键 词：全球价值链 关税 贸易政策 

分 类 号：F745.0[经济管理—国际贸易]