不同草种对‘赤霞珠’葡萄幼苗生长和土壤理化性状的影响  

Effects of different grasses on growth of ’Cabernet Sauvignon’ seedlings and soil properties of physical and chemical

作　　者：姜亦文 张晓鑫 王玥 贾润普 左一立 姚玉新[1] JIANG Yiwen;ZHANG Xiaoxin;WANG Yue;JIA Runpu;ZUO Yili;YAO Yuxin(State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Shanghe County,Shanghe 251600,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]商河县农业农村局,山东商河251600

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2020年第4期1-7,共7页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2018MC021);国家葡萄产业技术体系(CARS-30)。

摘　　要：本研究以一年生酿酒葡萄‘赤霞珠’自根苗为试材,幼苗周围人工种植野豌豆和黑麦草及自然生草,以清耕为对照,研究不同草种对根箱内葡萄幼苗生长、碳氮营养和土壤理化性状的影响。结果表明:与清耕相比,黑麦草和自然生草能显著提高枝条和根系储藏营养;野豌豆显著降低葡萄幼苗生长量和根系储藏营养。黑麦草和自然生草可减小根系直径,提高二级侧根和毛细根数量,而野豌豆则相反。黑麦草和自然生草作为绿肥为葡萄提供相似水平的氮素,效果显著优于野豌豆;自然生草对增加葡萄碳素贡献最大,明显优于黑麦草和野豌豆。三种草均能优化土壤理化性状。总之,黑麦草和自然生草适合葡萄幼苗行内生草,野豌豆不宜用于葡萄幼苗生草。In this study,the own-rooted tree of annual wine grape ’Cabernet Sauvignon’ was used as test material.Vicia sepium Linn and Lolium were planted around the seedlings,and self-sown grasses were produced,with soil tillage as the control.We studied growth,carbon and nitrogen levels of young grapevines and soil physical and chemical properties which was affected by sowing different grasses.It was shown that Lolium and self-sown grasses significantly enhanced the storage nutrition of shoots and roots including starch and soluble sugars compared to soil tillage;Vicia sepium Linn reduced growth of shoots and roots and storage nutrition of roots.Lolium and self-sown grasses reduced root average diameter and amount of secondary branch roots and capillary roots while Lolium reduced the above parameters.When converted into green manure,Lolium and self-sown grasses provided the similar levels of nitrogen for vines which was higher than Vicia sepium Linn;Self-sown grasses provided more carbon for vines than Lolium and Vicia sepium Linn.Lolium,self-sown grasses and Vicia sepium Linn improved soil physical and chemical properties compared to soil tillage.Lolium and self-sown grasses are suitable for intra-row cover crops of young vines while Vicia sepium Linn is not.

关 键 词：葡萄幼苗 生草 生长 碳氮营养 土壤理化性状 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]