美国粮食产业支持政策转型的制度路径与经验启示  

Institutional path and experience from supporting policy transformation of U.S.grain industry

作　　者：杨振[1] 韩磊[2] YANG Zhen;HAN Lei

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校经济学部,北京100091 [2]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《世界农业》2020年第7期25-31,114,共8页World Agriculture

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“我国粮食价格波动与政府调控政策研究”(14CJY051);中共中央党校创新工程项目“现代化产业体系研究”(19CX0602)。

摘　　要：当前,制约中国粮食产业发展的主要矛盾,已经从总量转向结构、从数量转向质量,粮食产业正处在高质量发展转型的关键期,其支持政策体系也需要顺势转型。美国粮食支持政策转型的制度路径表现出更加注重粮食产业国际竞争力的提升、更加突出支持政策的市场化导向、更加注重粮食产业的可持续发展等特征。借鉴美国的经验,中国需要兼顾农户土地发展权利进行政策设计,以市场为导向优化粮食补贴政策,以降低制度成本为高质量供给形成激励,以耕地保护为粮食产业高质量发展提供支撑。At present,the principal contradiction restricting the development of China's grain industry has changed from volume to structure,and also from quantity to quality.The grain industry is in a critical period of high-quality oriented development,and its supporting policies also need to be transformed.The institutional path of the transformation of grain support policies in the United States shows that they pay more attention to the improvement of the international competitiveness,highlight the market-oriented orientation,and pay more attention to the sustainable development of grain industry.Learning from the experience of the United States,China needs to design grain support policies that give consideration to farmers’land development rights,optimize food subsidy policies guided by the market,create incentives for high-quality supply by reducing system costs,and provide support for high-quality development of grain industry by farmland protection.

关 键 词：粮食产业 政策转型 制度路径 经验启示 

分 类 号：F316.11[经济管理—产业经济]