新冠疫情下的城市社区之治  

Urban Community Governance in the Context of COVID-19 Epidemic

作　　者：张楠楠[1] 徐晓军[1] ZHANG Nannan;XU Xiaojun

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学社会学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《江汉大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第4期53-62,126,共11页Journal of Jianghan University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：华中师范大学社会学一流学科建设项目“后疫情时代城市社区‘精神共同体’建设的路径研究”;国家社科基金重点项目“乡村振兴中的城郊村落共同体重建研究”(19ASH005)。

摘　　要：新冠疫情初期社区防控行动迟缓暴露出我国城市社区参与不足、力量薄弱的问题。改革开放以来,中国城市基层社会治理体制逐渐从以往的"单位制"转向"社区制",尝试走出全能主义国家模式。但在单位制路径依赖和国家强化基层控制的双重影响下,传统单位制并未完全退场,而是通过渗透、吸纳等方式隐性延续,从而形成了中国现行城市社会治理实质上的单位制与社区制并行的模式。"单位制"的隐性延续,使居民、单位、社区三者间的协调机制紊乱、力量分化,社区治理合力难以形成。因此,国家控制力和社区自治力作为决定社会治理形态的关键因素,未来还将在中国的城市持续并行。在社区自治力不足的情况下,如何适当地调整好国家的控制力度,培育社区自治力的适度成长,促进单位制与社区制的良性合作,成为后疫情时代提升城市基层社会治理水平的关键。The retarded response in disease prevention and control during the early period of the COVID-19 outbreak has revealed problems like inadequate participation and weak power in Chinese urban communities.Since the reform and opening up,China’s urban social governance system is gradually changing from the unit system to the community system,trying to break away from the total state model.However,under the dual influence of the unit system’s path dependence and the state’s strengthening control at the grassroots level,the traditional unit system has not yet completely disappeared,but implicitly continues by means of infiltration and absorption.As a result,the unit system and the community system are running in parallel,which is in fact the current urban social governance model in China.The implicit continuation of unit system causes disorder in the coordination mechanism among residents,work units and communities and divergence in forces,so that it is difficult to form a resultant force in community governance.Therefore,state control and community autonomy,as key factors to determine the form of social governance,will continue to cooperate in China’s cities in the future.In the case of insufficient community autonomy,the key to improve the level of urban social governance in the post-epidemic era is to properly adjust the power of state control,cultivate the moderate growth of community autonomy,and promote the cooperation between the unit system and the community system.

关 键 词：单位制 社区制 城市基层社会治理 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]