北京市某室内游泳馆儿童游泳者暴露参数调查  

An Investigation of Exposure Parameters of Children Swimmers in an Indoor Swimming Pool in Beijing

作　　者：王晓霜 王秦[1] 胡小键[1] 朱学军 张云 董小艳[1] 叶必雄[1] 赵欣[1] 董少霞[1] WANG Xiaoshuang;WANG Qin;HU Xiaojian;ZHU Xuejun;ZHANG Yun;DONG Xiaoyan;YE Bixiong;ZHAO Xin;DONG Shaoxia

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京市100050 [2]北京市朝阳区卫生和计划生育监督所

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2020年第2期174-178,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的通过对北京市某室内游泳馆中儿童游泳者进行调查,获取儿童游泳者游泳相关行为模式暴露参数资料。方法对入馆游泳的(6~17)岁儿童进行问卷调查,并对不同年龄组(6~<9、9~<12、12~<15、15~<18岁)、不同性别儿童游泳者的暴露参数进行统计分析。结果此次研究共调查业余儿童游泳者402名,其中平均体重、身高、游泳持续年限、游泳频率、游泳时间、淋浴时间、更衣时间、准备活动及休息时间、游泳过程吞水量分别为40.46 kg、148.66 cm、2 a、4次/月、59、15、11、10 min/次及40.50 m L/次。女性儿童游泳者较男性的游泳频率略低,而更衣时长、淋浴时长均高于男性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄组中游泳持续年限、游泳频率、游泳时间具有一定差异,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同年龄、性别儿童游泳者行为模式暴露参数存在一定差异。且室内游泳馆中游泳相关行为模式多样,在进行健康风险评价时应全面考虑各行为模式暴露所致风险。Objective To investigate the children swimmers in an indoor swimming pool in Beijing,and to obtain the exposure parameters of swimming-related behavior patterns of the children.Methods A randomized investigation was performed in the children swimmers(aged 6 to 17 years)in the swimming pool using a questionnaire.The exposure parameters of the children swimmers were statistically analyzed according to age groups(6 to<9 years,9 to<12 years,12 to<15 years,and 15 to<18 years)and gender.Results A total of 402 children swimmers(248 males and 154 females)were investigated.The mean body weight,height,years of swimming,swimming frequency,swimming time,shower time,clothes changing time,warming-up exercise and rest time,and water ingestion during swimming were 40.46 kg,148.66 cm,2 a,4 sessions/month,59 min/session,15 min/session,11 min/session,10 min/session,and 40.5 m L/session,respectively.Compared with male swimmers,female swimmers had a significantly reduced swimming frequency but significantly longer clothes changing and showering times(P<0.05).There were significant differences between different age groups in years of swimming,swimming frequency,and swimming time(P<0.05).Conclusion The exposure parameters of children swimmers vary with age and gender.The risks of exposure to different behavior patterns should be comprehensively considered in health risk assessment.

关 键 词：暴露参数 儿童游泳者 室内游泳馆 风险评价 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]