大蒜直立种植装置设计与试验  

Design and test of vertical planting device for garlic

作　　者：金文忻 刘永华[1] 张东凤[1] 吴玉娟[1] 王林林 Jin Wenxin;Liu Yonghua;Zhang Dongfeng;Wu Yujuan;Wang Linlin(Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry,Jurong,212400,China;Nanjing Suxin Fuwo Agricultural Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing,210000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏农林职业技术学院,江苏句容212400 [2]南京苏欣福沃农机有限公司,南京市210000

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2020年第6期37-42,共6页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：江苏农林职业技术学院产业创新团队(2018kj06、2019kj003)。

摘　　要：针对大蒜播种机中蒜瓣直立栽种的研究难点,利用平行四连杆机构平行原理研究设计一种结构简单、制造成本低、作业效果好的大蒜直立种植装置。该装置由次圆盘、主圆盘、成穴器、镇压轮、机架、输种器、种子箱等结构组成,主要对其蒜瓣直立机构、成穴器及成穴器开启机构等关键部件进行设计。经设计种植圆盘半径为250 mm,两种植圆盘偏心距及间距均为50 mm,成穴器穴深为50 mm,成穴器穴距为140 mm,成穴器穴宽为35.9 mm,成穴器入土角为53°,装置前进速度比为1.25。利用Pro/E5.0对装置进行运动仿真,结果表明种植一棵大蒜时间为0.9 s,人工排序完全能跟上。针对大蒜垂直落下状态及整机性能进行试验,结果表明:92.6%的蒜瓣下落后保持垂直,种植平均合格率为88.2%、平均漏播率为3.4%、平均重播率为8.4%,综合性能指标均达到设计标准。Aiming at the difficulty of garlic planting in garlic planter,a garlic planting device with simple structure,low manufacturing cost and good operation effect was designed based on the parallel principle of parallel four-link mechanism.The device was composed of a secondary disc,a main disc,a cavity-forming device,a pressing wheel,a frame,a seed carrier,a seed box and other structures.It was mainly designed the key components of the vertical mechanism of garlic cloves,a cavity-forming device and an opening mechanism of cavity-forming device.The radius of the planter disc was designed to be 250 mm,the eccentricity and spacing of the two planter discs were both 50 mm,the depth of the planter was 50 mm,the spacing of the planter was 140 mm,the width of the planter was 35.9 mm,the earthing angle of the planter was 53°,and the forward speed ratio of the device was 1.25.It was used to simulate the movement of the device by Pro/E5.0,and the results showed that the planting time of a garlic plant was 0.9 s,and the manual sequencing could keep up completely.According to the test of garlic vertical falling state and the performance of the whole machine,the results showed that 92.6%of garlic cloves remained vertical when falling down,the average qualified rate of planting was 88.2%,the average missed planting rate was 3.4%,the average replay rate was 8.4%,and the comprehensive performance indexes all reached the design standard.

关 键 词：精密播种机 大蒜播种 蒜瓣定向 直立种植 平行四连杆机构 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]