从第三极到北极:积雪变化研究进展  

Changes of snow cover in the Third Pole and the Arctic

作　　者：刘一静 孙燕华 钟歆玥 王树发 肖雄新 马丽娟[4] 苏航 赵文宇 张廷军[1,6] LIU Yijing;SUN Yanhua;ZHONG Xinyue;WANG Shufa;XIAO Xiongxin;MA Lijuan;SU Hang;ZHAO Wenyu;ZHANG Tingjun(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education),College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430074,China;National Climate Center,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;University Corporation for Polar Research,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]武汉大学遥感信息工程学院,湖北武汉430079 [4]国家气候中心,北京100081 [5]武汉大学水资源与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [6]中国高校极地联合研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2020年第1期140-156,共17页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA20100313,XDA20100103);国家自然科学基金项目(41701064);中央高校基本科研基金项目(lzujbky-2017-223)资助。

摘　　要：在全球气候变化背景下,第三极和北极地区积雪是地表最活跃的自然要素之一,其动态变化对气候环境和人类生活产生重要影响。通过回顾第三极和北极积雪研究进展,阐述了降雪、积雪范围、积雪日数、积雪深度和雪水当量在第三极和北极地区的时空分布特征和变化趋势。结果表明:近50年,特别是进入21世纪以来,第三极和北极地区降雪比率均呈下降趋势;积雪范围、积雪日数、积雪深度、雪水当量总体均呈减小趋势,融雪首日有所提前。同时就积雪变化对生态系统与气候系统的影响进行了论述,评估了积雪的反馈作用。通过总结第三极和北极积雪变化研究进展,凝练研究中存在的不足和未来发展趋势,为提升积雪对气候变化及经济社会发展影响的认识提供重要科学支撑。In the context of global climate change,snow cover in the Third Pole and Arctic region is one of the most active natural elements on the surface,and its dynamic changes have an important impact on the climate and human life.This paper reviewed the research progress of snow cover changes,and describes the distribution characteristics and trends of snowfall,Snow Covered Extent(SCE),Snow Covered Days(SCD),Snow Depth(SD)and Snow Water Equivalent(SWE)in the Third Pole and Arctic region.The results show that in the past few decades,especially since the beginning of the 21st century,the snowfall ratio had a downward trend;SCE,SCD,SD and SWE all showed a decreasing trend,and the snowmelt onset was earlier in the Third Pole and Arctic.At the same time,this paper discussed the impact of snow cover on ecosystems and climate systems,and then evaluated the feedback effect of snow cover.By summarizing the research progress of the Third Pole and Arctic region snow cover changes and compacting the shortcomings in the research and the future development trend,this paper provides important scientific support for further enhancing the understanding of snow cover on climate change and social and economic development.

关 键 词：第三极 北极 积雪 气候变化 

分 类 号：P426.635[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]