烤烟黑胫病菌发酵液致病活性组分的分离及应用  

Separation and Application of Pathogenic Active Components of Fermentation Broth on Black Shank Fungus of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：钟军[1] 杨爽 周田[1,2] 戴林建 ZHONG Jun;YANG Shuang;ZHOU Tian;DAI Lin-jian(College of Agriculture,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China;Alleviation and Development Bureau on Liuzhi Special District of Liupanshui City of Guizhou Province,Guizhou Liupanshui 553600,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]贵州省六盘水市六枝特区扶贫开发局,贵州六盘水553600

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2020年第6期1203-1208,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2014年中国烤烟总公司重点项目(110201402003)。

摘　　要：【目的】以田间综合性状表现优良但抗病性差的HKDN-8烤烟高钾新品系为材料,用分离出的致病力较强的黑胫病菌发酵液致病活性组分为选择压并结合物理诱变,先筛选出抗黑胫病菌的花药,经组织培养对再生植株进行黑胫病菌抗性鉴定,以期为筛选抗病材料提供科学依据。【方法】在选择出最适宜生长培养基的基础上,分离出致病力较强的活性组分,最后以活性组分为选择压,对HKDN-8烤烟品系突变体花药进行抗黑胫病筛选。【结果】马铃薯培养基是诱导较强致病力黑胫病菌发酵液的最佳培养基;95%乙醇洗脱液是黑胫病菌发酵液中致病性最强的活性组分;烤烟花药突变体抗黑胫病的最适选择压为2%~3%时,其再生植株的抗性分别表现出了高抗和中抗。【结论】黑胫病菌发酵液致病活性组分(乙醇洗脱液)可以作为烤烟早期抗病鉴定的手段。【Object】High potassium new strains HKDN-8 with the excellent comprehensive characters but poor disease resistance of flue-cured tobacco were used as materials,the pathogenic active components of fermentation broth on black shank fungus isolated were acted as selection pressure,combined with radiation mutagenesis,the anther anti-black shank was screened out,which would grow into seedlings after the resistance identification of the regenerated plants so as to provide a scientific basis for the screening of resistant materials.【Methods】According to the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in black shank of tobacco,the most suitable basic culture medium for the growth of the black shank was chosen to isolate pathogenicity strong black shank sterile active component of fermented liquid,the sterile active component acted as selection pressure,which screened for resistance to black shank mutants to anther HKDN-8 of flue-cured tobacco.【Results】The potato medium(PDA)was the optimum medium for inducing black shank virulent;The 95%ethanol elution solution was the most pathogenic active components of the black shank pathogen;2%-3%of 95%ethanol elution solution was the optimum choice pressure to high potassium strain HKDN-8 pollen mutant of flue cured tobacco.【Conclusion】The active components of the fermentation broth of black shank fungus(95%ethanol eluting solution)could be used as a means of early stage to identify the resistance of flue-cured tobacco.

关 键 词：烤烟 黑胫病 活性组分 分离 应用 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]