关于新中国政治文明与政治类型的思考——兼谈中国共产党的政治定位  

Reflections on the Political Civilization and Political Style of the P.R.China and the Position of CPC

作　　者：徐俊忠[1] Xu Junzhong(Institute of Marxist Philosophy and Chinese Modernization,Department of Philosophy,Sun Yat-sen University)

机构地区：[1]中山大学马克思主义哲学与中国现代化研究所、哲学系

出　　处：《开放时代》2020年第4期12-38,M0003,共28页Open Times

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中国社会主义实践探索与农村社会发展研究”(项目编号:18JJD710007)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：新中国的政治文明是与以自由主义为基础的西方政治文明不同的新的政治文明。它脉接于马克思主义,扎根于中国国情,不断形成和完善于中国革命、建设和改革的实践之中,并为新中国的伟大成就所充分证明。本文着眼于中国共产党领导人民"建国"和"治国"的伟大实践,考察新中国政治文明的一系列重要内容的生成、丰富和完善。新中国政治文明的独特意义,在于形成了一套与西方"政党政治"不同的"人民政治"的制度系统和政治文化。自觉抵制和消除自由主义的影响,与坚持、完善和发展"人民政治",对于中国人民确立中国特色社会主义道路、理论、制度和文化自信,一样重要。基于"人民政治"立场,本文认为共产党之于人民、国家和民族的意义,在于它是"全中国人民的领导核心",以"政党政治"的概念去界定中国共产党的地位,是不合适的,也是消极、有害的。The political civilization of the P.R.China is one categorically different from that of the West which is based on liberalism.While connected to Marxism,the Chinese political civilization is rooted in China’s national conditions,continuously formed and perfected in the practice of Chinese revolution,construction and reform,and has been fully born out by the great success of the P.R.China.This article focuses on the great practice of the Communist Party of China in leading its people to"found the country"and"rule the country,"and examines the generation,enrichment,and improvement of a series of important contents of the political civilization of the P.R.China.The unique significance of China’s political civilization lies in the formation of an institutional system and political culture appropriately termed"people politics"as opposed to the"party politics"of the West.Consciously resisting and eliminating the influence of liberalism is as important as upholding,perfecting,and developing"people politics"for the Chinese people in their adherence to the Chinese-styled socialist road,theory and system with confidence.Based on the"people politics"position,this article argues that the significance of the Communist Party to the people,country,and nation lies in its being the"leading core of the entire Chinese people."It is not just inappropriate,but also negative and harmful,to define the Communist Party of China in terms of"party politics".

关 键 词：中国共产党 毛泽东 政治文明 人民政治 领导党 

分 类 号：D61[政治法律—政治学] D25[政治法律—中外政治制度]