手工艺的“在地同业”与“在外同行”  

Handicrafts:Fellow-townsmen in the Same Industry in Origin and Dispersion

作　　者：季中扬[1] 张娜[1] Ji Zhongyang;Zhang Na(The Institute of Folklore,Nanjing Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学民俗学研究所

出　　处：《开放时代》2020年第4期70-80,M0005,共12页Open Times

基　　金：2017年度文化部文化艺术研究项目“新农村建设中传统村落文化保护的理论与实践研究”(项目编号:17DH12)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：历史上传统手工艺的聚集性发展离不开"乡土空间"。它们往往先在某个地方逐渐发展起来,形成"在地同业"现象,然后利用血缘、地缘等人际关系网络,在外发展商业销售,以"在外同行"的形式大力拓展经营空间。传统手工艺这种同乡同业模式以"在地"与"在外"的互动发展为突出特点,"在地"与"在外"之间有着主从关系,其实是"前店后院"模式在空间上的延伸,"在外"拓展的目的始终是为了地方,而不是带走地方资源"在外"发展。这种同乡同业模式立足"小地方",放眼"大世界",在乡村与城市、地方与世界之间建立了紧密的联系,这对于系统解决当代乡村振兴过程中的产业、人才、文化等问题,具有特别重要的启发性。The concentrated development of some traditional handicrafts is closely associated with"folk space".It often starts in a certain place as a concentrated trade run by folks from the same hometown,then disperses and develops sales and business scope in other places on the strength of blood and geographical ties.Such a model of folk-based trade in the traditional handicrafts is characterized by the interaction between"original group"and"dispersed group"which is not unlike that between"back quarters"and"frontier shops",with the latter subordinate to the former.The dispersed group serves the interest of the original group and never takes the latter’s resources with it for outside development.Such a folk-based model establishes itself locally but aims globally.It helps to bridge the gap between rural and urban areas as well as that between a local place and the outside world.It is particularly instructive for a systematic solution of the industrial,intellectual and cultural issues in the contemporary process of rural revitalization.

关 键 词：手工艺 同乡同业 特色小镇 乡村振兴 

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