三峡库区次生黄栌灌木林的群落特征及种间联结性  

Community characteristics and interspecific association of secondary Cotinus coggygria shrubbery in Three Gorges Reservoir Region

作　　者：吴焦焦 张文[1] 高岚[1] 谭星 乐佳兴 田秋玲[1] 冯大兰[2] 黄小辉[2] 齐代华[3] 许一丰 梁洪海 吴铭河 黄诗夏 刘芸[1] WU Jiaojiao;ZHANG Wen;GAO Lan;TAN Xing;YUE Jiaxing;TIAN Qiuling;FENG Dalan;HUANG Xiaohui;QI Daihua;XU Yifeng;LIANG Honghai;WU Minghe;HUANG Shixia;LIU Yun(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China;Chongqing Academy of Forestry,Chongqing 400036,China;Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region/School of Life Science,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Wushan Forestry Administration,Wushan 404700,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [2]重庆市林业科学研究院,重庆400036 [3]三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室/重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室/西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715 [4]重庆市巫山县林业局,巫山404700

出　　处：《生态学报》2020年第12期4053-4063,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370602);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(201810635015);重庆市硕士研究生科研创新项目(CYS19123);重庆市技术创新与应用示范一般项目(cstc2018jscx-msybX0246)。

摘　　要：以三峡库区次生黄栌(Cotinus coggygria)灌木林群落为研究对象,基于样地调查,分析了生境特征和群落特征。结果显示:该群落共有植物30科37属56种,物种组成简单、多样性低,群落中以喜光、耐干旱瘠薄和碱性土壤的物种居多。海拔和土壤有效磷含量是生境差异的重要因素;海拔、坡度和坡向对物种分布的影响最大。海拔与物种密度极显著负相关,坡向与物种高度极显著正相关;土壤pH与物种多样性和均匀度显著负相关,速效钾含量与物种密度呈极显著正相关,有效磷含量与物种丰富度和多样性显著正相关,与盖度显著负相关。综上,海拔、坡度和坡向是影响物种分布的因素;土壤有效磷和pH是影响物种多样性的因素;海拔、坡向、坡度、土壤有效磷和速效钾是影响群落数量特征的因素。群落总体关联性和物种种间联结性均呈显著负相关,种间联结较松散,处于不稳定的灌草阶段,生态系统脆弱,对生境变化十分敏感。因此,在对三峡库区黄栌群落进行生态修复时,应以保护现有群落及其生境为前提,选择适生乡土植物进行合理配置,增加物种多样性,促进群落演替。The habitat and community characteristics of the secondary Cotinus coggygria shrub community were analyzed based on field investigations in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region.Results showed a total 56 species belonging to 37 genera and 30 families in the community.Both the species composition and community were low.Light-liking,drought-tolerant,barren and alkaline soil-tolerant species were the majority in the community.Altitude and soil available phosphorus were the two most important factors resulting in habitat differences.Species distributions were significantly affected by altitude,slope and aspect.Species density significantly negatively correlated with altitude,while species height significantly positively correlated with aspect.Soil pH significantly negatively correlated with species diversity and evenness.Species density significantly positively correlated with available potassium.Both the species richness and diversity positively,while coverage negatively,correlated with available phosphorus.In summary,altitude,slope and aspect were the main factors affecting species distribution while soil available phosphorus and pH were the main factors affecting species diversity.Altitude,aspect,slope,soil available phosphorus and available potassium were the main factors that affected the quantitative characteristics of community.There was a significantly negative correlation between the overall interspecific associations of community and the interspecific association of species.The interspecific association was loose and in an unstable shrub-grass stage.The ecosystem was fragile and sensitive to the changes in habitats.In conclusion,for a combined strategies to protect the existing communities of C.coggygria and their habitats,to select the suitable native species for rational allocation,and promote the species diversity and community succession are timely needed for the ecological restoration of C.coggygria communities in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region.

关 键 词：黄栌群落 物种多样性 环境因子 群落特征 三峡库区 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]