双台子河口砂质潮间带小型底栖动物的群落结构及其对环境的响应  

MEIOFAUNAL COMMUNITY IN SANDY INTERTIDAL ZONE AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE IN SHUANGTAIZI ESTUARY, NE CHINA

作　　者：杨纯懿 张龙辉 杜永芬 吴亚平 张安国[4] 袁秀堂[4] YANG Chun-Yi;ZHANG Long-Hui;DU Yong-Fen;WU Ya-Ping;ZHANG An-Guo;YUAN Xiu-Tang(College of Oceanography,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;School of Geography and Ocean Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;College of Marine Science and Engineering,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学海洋学院,南京210098 [2]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210023 [3]南京师范大学海洋科学与工程学院,南京210023 [4]国家海洋环境监测中心,大连116023

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2020年第3期572-582,共11页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,41576154号;海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目,201305043号。

摘　　要：潮间带是典型的陆海交互区,其生物群落及其环境具有典型性特征。海洋小型底栖动物具有极高的群落多样性和环境适应性,但是其时空分布特征以及与环境因子的关系研究具有区域局限性。2017年春季(5月)、夏季(8月)和秋季(10月)于我国纬度最高的双台子河口潮间带,布设7个断面,21个站位,进行了小型底栖动物和沉积环境的定量采样与分析。共检获7个小型底栖动物主要类群,总平均丰度和生物量分别为(3530±1474)ind./10cm^2和(1836.5±976.3)μgdwt/10cm^2,其中海洋线虫为最优势类群,平均丰度和生物量分别占96.6%和72.1%,其次是双壳类和桡足类。丰度/生物量的季节波动小,自陆向海略呈降低趋势(高位≥中位>低位),统计分析表明其与中值粒径和和叶绿素a含量显著相关。小型底栖动物群落受季节和潮位影响显著, Bio-env分析显示相关性最高的环境因子组合为沉积物中值粒径、叶绿素和脱镁叶绿酸含量。海洋线虫与桡足的比值(N/C)评估显示该区域存在有机污染,且研究区西部最严重,与同区有机污染物的环境评价结果较为一致,说明其在生物监测中具有重要意义。Intertidal area is a typical land-sea interaction zone, where the characteristics in biological composition and their micro-environments are of regional representative. Among them, meiofauna has extremely high community diversity and environmental adaptability, while the data of their spatial-temporal distribution patterns and the related regulators are of regional limit. Cores sediments were quantitatively taken in the northernmost-intertidal zone of the Shuangtaizi estuary in the Bohai Sea, NE China in May(spring), August(summer), and October(autumn) in 2017. Twenty-one stations were designed in seven sections, along which the meiofauna and sedimentary environments were analyzed. Seven meiofaunal taxa were found. Free-living marine nematodes were the most dominant group, accounting for 96.6% and 72.1% of the total in abundance and biomass composition, respectively, followed by bivalves and copepods. The average abundance and biomass of meiofauna were(3530±1474)ind./10 cm^2 and(1836.5±976.3)μg dwt/10 cm^2, respectively, with no seasonal variation and downward trends from land to sea. The medium grain size and chl a were correlated significantly to the abundance/biomass. The ratio of nematodes/copepod(N/C) indicated serious organic pollution, which agreed with the results of the macrofaunal analysis and heavy metal samplings in the similar areas, and could be used as a bio-monitoring indicator.

关 键 词：双台子河口 砂质潮间带 小型底栖动物 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q178.4[生物学—水生生物学]