3种农艺措施对大棚土温、秋番茄生长和茎基腐病的影响  

Effects of three agronomic measures on soil temperature,autumn tomato growth and stem rot in plastic house

作　　者：王广印 马学军 陈碧华 郭卫丽 朱雨 杜倩 赵彬彬 WANG Guangyin;MAXuejun;CHEN Bihua;GUOWeili;ZHU Yu;DU Qian;ZHAO Binbin(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,Henan,China;Henan Horticultural Plant Resources Utilization and Germplasm Innovation Engineering Research Center,Xinxiang 453003,Henan,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Station in Muye District of Xinxiang City,Xinxiang 453002,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院园艺园林学院,河南新乡453003 [2]河南省园艺植物资源利用与种质创新工程研究中心,河南新乡453003 [3]新乡市牧野区农业技术推广站,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2020年第7期44-50,共7页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：河南省大宗蔬菜产业技术体系建设项目“设施蔬菜连作障碍综合防控技术研究与示范”(S2010-03-G04);河南省科技攻关重点项目“设施蔬菜持续高产高效关键技术研究与示范”(112102110023)。

摘　　要：为了寻求番茄茎基腐病的绿色防控措施,研究了土壤耕作、银黑地膜覆盖和春番茄秸秆还田等农艺措施对大棚秋番茄田土温、番茄前期生长和茎基腐病的影响。结果表明,耕翻大棚土壤提高了土壤温度,减缓了大棚秋番茄前期的生长,加重了秋番茄茎基腐病的发生,耕翻区域发病率比对照提高了66.14%。采用银黑地膜覆盖土壤使得晴天0~20 cm深度土壤平均温度升高3℃,抑制了大棚秋番茄前期的生长,同时也比对照茎基腐病的发病率提高了171.9%。春番茄秸秆还田处理对于大棚秋番茄前期生长也有抑制作用,比对照茎基腐病发病率提高了425.5%。综上所述,在6—7月份大棚高温条件下,不宜采取耕翻土壤、银黑地膜覆盖和春番茄秸秆还田等栽培大棚秋番茄的技术措施。The paper aims to seek green control measures of tomato stem rot,the effects of agronomic measures such as soil tillage,silver-black plastic film mulching and spring tomato straw returning on soil temperature,early growth of tomato and stem rot in plastic house autumn tomato field were investigated.The results showed that the tillage soil in plastic house could increase soil temperature,could retard the early growth of autumn tomato in plastic house,and could aggravate the occurrence of autumn tomato stem rot,and the incidence percentage of autumn tomato stem rot for tillage soil increased by 66.14%compared with the control.The average soil temperature of 0-20 cm depth in sunny day was increased by 3℃by mulching soil with silver-black plastic film,which inhibited the early stage growth of autumn tomato of plastic house.At the same time,the incidence percentage of stem rot was increased by 171.9%compared with the control.The returning of spring tomato straw also inhibited the autumn tomato early stage growth in plastic house,which increased the incidence percentage of basal stem rot by 425.5%compared with the control.In summary,under the high temperature conditions from June to July,it is not appropriate to adopt the technical measures of cultivating autumn tomato in plastic house,such as plowing soil,mulching with silver-black plastic film and returning spring tomato straw to the field.

关 键 词：秋番茄 大棚 土壤温度 茎基腐病 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]