基于无差异阈值的停车设施定价模型  

Optimal Pricing Model of Parking Facilities Based on the Indifference Threshold

作　　者：张新洁[1] 关宏志[2] 朱俊泽 ZHANG Xin-jie;GUAN Hong-zhi;ZHU Jun-ze(School of Civil Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;College of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学土木工程学院,包头014010 [2]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2020年第19期7910-7915,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71971005)。

摘　　要：为探求垄断市场下停车设施的最优定价机制,建立了考虑无差异阈值和车位占用率的停车设施定价双层规划模型,上层模型决策者的目标是最大收益和最优车位占用率,下层方式选择模型假设出行者是有限理性的,即假设如果方式间的效用差小于无差异阈值时,出行者的方式选择是随机的;若方式间的成本差大于无差异阈值,出行者的选择将服从随机效用最大化。采用某通勤廊道作为算例背景对所提出的模型进行求解。结果表明,经营者在考虑无差异阈值和不考虑无差异阈值时的定价策略是不同的,且无差异阈值的大小会影响停车场的最优定价。此外,考虑了车位占用率的定价策略,能够使停车资源的利用更加合理。A bi-level programming model of parking pricing was established to explore the optimal pricing mechanism of parking facilities in monopolized market. The upper model aimed at optimal occupancy and maximum benefit, and the lower model was a rationally bounded nested logit model. The lower model assumed the travelers were bounded rational, which also meant they would choose randomly if the expected cost difference between two alternatives was within the indifference band. The validity of the model was verified by sample analysis of a communication corridor. The proposed model was solved by genetic algorithm. The results indicate that the pricing strategies are different when the operator considers the bounded rationality of travelers and when they do not. Moreover, the value of the indifference threshold will affect the optimal pricing. In addition, considering the pricing strategy of parking occupancy, it can make the use of parking resources more reasonable.

关 键 词：城市交通 最优定价 停车设施 无差异阈值 双层规划 车位占用率 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]