论《美墨加协定》货币条款及其影响  

On the Developments and Influence of the Currency Provisions of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement(USMCA)

作　　者：左海聪[1,2] 胡弘志 Zuo Haicong;Hu Hongzhi

机构地区：[1]南开大学法学院,天津300350 [2]对外经济贸易大学法学院

出　　处：《中国高校社会科学》2020年第4期125-135,160,共12页Social Sciences in Chinese Higher Education Institutions

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“人民币国际化的法律问题研究”(13AZD090)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：与《国际货币基金协定》相比,《美墨加协定》货币条款的主要发展有二,一是强化了汇率操纵预警机制,二是引入争端解决机制。汇率操纵预警机制和争端解决机制在一定程度上会限制发展中国家的货币主权,但也会对国际货币体系产生一些有益影响:透明度制度能够强化基金组织的监督机制;外汇储备数据透明度和报告制度有助于防范储备资产组合调整所带来的潜在风险;争端解决机制有助于促进国际经济关系的法治化。《美墨加协定》货币条款对未来其他经贸协定的缔结可能产生重要影响。从长远来看,《美墨加协定》货币条款透明度制度与人民币汇率制度的市场化改革具有相契性,该制度不会对中国的国际金融制度产生根本性的负面影响。Compared with the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund,the main developments of the USMCA currency provisions are two,one is the strengthening of an early warning system for exchange rate manipulation,and the other is the introduction of dispute settlement mechanism.Early warning mechanism for exchange rate manipulation and dispute settlement mechanism limit the monetary sovereignty of developing countries to some extent,but they also have some positive effects on the international monetary system.In the long run,the transparency system of the USMCA currency provisions is consistent with the marketoriented reform of RMB exchange rate system,the system will not have a fundamental negative impact on China's international financial system.

关 键 词：《美墨加协定》 汇率操纵预警机制 争端解决机制 人民币国际化 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学]