糯高粱种质资源对川南高粱丝黑穗病的抗性鉴定  

Identification of resistance of the glutinous sorghum resources to the head smut in southern Sichuan Province

作　　者：龙文靖 丁国祥[1,2] 赵甘霖 汪小楷[1,2] 李元 倪先林[1,2] LONG Wenjing;DING Guoxiang;ZHAO Ganlin;WANG Xiaokai;LI Yuan;NI Xianlin(Rice and Sorghum Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Deyang 618000,Sichuan Province,China;National Sorghum Improvement Center Sichuan Branch,Luzhou 646000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所,德阳618000 [2]国家高粱改良中心四川分中心,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2020年第3期583-591,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家现代农业(谷子高粱)产业技术体系(CARS-06-13.5-A14);四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所青年基金;重度污染耕地粱-油种植模式安全利用技术集成与应用(2017SZ0188)。

摘　　要：为明确新选育和引进的糯高粱种质资源对川南高粱丝黑穗病菌主要生理小种的抗性,利用4个高粱鉴别寄主分别对2013年和2014年自川南泸州、宜宾、自贡3市高粱上采集的丝黑穗病菌Sporisorium reilianum进行生理小种鉴定,并于2014-2018年对新选育和引进的55份不育系、88份恢复系和20份常规品种糯高粱种植资源进行丝黑穗病抗性鉴定。结果表明,川南3市采集的高粱丝黑穗病菌生理小种均为1号生理小种。不育系糯高粱种植资源对丝黑穗病菌1号生理小种抗性较强,对丝黑穗病免疫材料有45份,87.3%不育系糯高粱种植资源为抗性材料。恢复系糯高粱种质资源抗丝黑穗病菌1号小种的能力弱于不育系,对丝黑穗病表现为免疫、高抗、抗病、中抗的种质资源分别为32、1、2和5份,抗病恢复系糯高粱种质资源占恢复系糯高粱种质资源总数的45.5%。糯高粱种质资源常规品种对丝黑穗病菌1号小种的抗性最差,抗病糯高粱种质资源常规品种占常规品种总数的45.0%,其中对丝黑穗病免疫的糯高粱种质资源常规品种仅有1份,为国窖红3号;对丝黑穗病高抗和抗病的糯高粱种质资源常规品种无,主要表现为中抗,应加强川南地区糯高粱常规品种的丝黑穗病抗性改良。鉴定的对丝黑穗病免疫的糯高粱不育系、恢复系和常规品种可作为川南高粱丝黑穗病病区主栽品种或抗丝黑穗病菌1号生理小种的育种材料。To make sure the resistance of genetic resources of newly-bred and introduced glutinous sorghums against the pathogenic strain of head smut on sorghums in southern Sichuan Province, and to check out the disease of head smut could be controlled by those resources, four differential hosts were used to identify the pathogenic strains of head smut collected in southern Sichuan Province(Luzhou,Yibin and Zigong cities) in 2013 and 2014, and identification and evaluation have been made on the resistance of the newly-bred and collected glutinous sorghums against head smut from 2014 to 2018,which contained glutinous sorghums of 55 sterile line, 88 restorer and 20 conventional sorghum varieties. The result showed that, the main pathogenic strains of head smut of glutinous sorghum from southern Sichuan Province was still No. 1. The resistance of sterile line of glutinous sorghums against pathogenic strain No. 1 was the strongest, there were 45 immunological materials against smut, and 87.3% of the sterile line glutinous sorghum was the resistant material. The restorer was weaker than male sterile line, that of the germplasm resources of immunity, high resistance, disease resistance and medium resistance were 32, 1, 2 and 5, respectively. The germplasm resources of disease resistant restorer line of glutinous sorghum accounted for 45.5% of the total, while conventional sorghum varieties was the worst,the conventional variety of disease-resistant glutinous sorghum germplasm resources accounted for45.0% of the total. The conventional variety of glutinous sorghum germplasm resources that was immune to smut was Guojiaohong No. 3. There were no high resistance and disease resistance conventional varieties, while the disease resistance routine varieties were mainly medium resistance varieties, so the resistance of conventional sorghum varieties against head smut will be an improvement reaserch target in regions of southern Sichuan Province. The materials on sterile line, restorer and conventional sorghum varieties of glutinous sor

关 键 词：糯高粱 丝黑穗病 生理小种 种质资源 抗性鉴定 

分 类 号：S435.14[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]