动静脉内瘘专业护理在维持性血液透析慢性肾衰竭患者中应用的效果评价  

Effect ofarteriovenous fistula nursing on patients with chronic renal failure undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

作　　者：李家莲[1] 易柏林[1] 全丽霞[1] LI Jialian;YI Bolin;QUAN Lixia(Nephrology Department,Affiliated Hospital of Guilin medical University,Guilin 541001,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林医学院附属医院肾内科,广西桂林541001

出　　处：《医药高职教育与现代护理》2020年第4期303-306,共4页Medical Higher Vocational Education and Modern Nursing

基　　金：广西壮族自治区教育厅基金课题(KY2016LX221)。

摘　　要：目的评价动静脉内瘘专业护理在维持性血液透析的慢性肾衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法将2015年1月至2017年1月在桂林医学院附属医院首次行动静脉内瘘进行维持性血液透析的92例慢性肾衰竭患者随机分为对照组和观察组,所有患者每周透析2~3次,4~5 h/次。对照组患者给予常规护理,观察组患者给予动静脉内瘘专业护理。比较两组患者动静脉内瘘并发症和功能障碍发生率,动静脉内瘘使用时间及生活质量。结果随访18个月,观察组患者动静脉内瘘并发症发生率(17.4%)和功能障碍发生率(15.2%)明显低于对照组(37.0%,34.8%),动静脉内瘘的中位使用时间(大于20个月)较对照组(20个月)显著延长,生活质量三项指标健康指数(6.6±3.34)、情绪指数(39.7±7.62)和心理指数(4.63±1.32)显著优于对照组(15.34±4.26,60.51±8.51,9.42±2.25),且差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论动静脉内瘘专业护理能提高维持性血液透析的慢性肾衰竭患者动静脉内瘘使用时间,降低并发症发生率并提高生活质量。Objective The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of arteriovenous fistula professional nursing on patients with chronic renal failure undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Methods Ninety-two patients with chronic renal failure who underwent maintenance hemodialysis in the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College between Jan. 2015 and Jan. 2017 were randomly divided into control group and observation group. All the patients were treated with hemodialysis for 2 to 3 sessions per week, and 4 to 5 hours per session. The patients in control group were treated with routine nursing care who were compared with the ones receiving professional nursing of internal fistula(observation group). The incidence of complications and dysfunction as well as fistula usage time and life quality between the two groups were compared. Results After the follow-up of 18 months, the incidence of complications and dysfunction in observation group was 17.4% and 15.2%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group(37.0%,34.8%). The median time of internal fistula usage was significantly longer than that in control group. And the indexes of health, emotion and psychology in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group significantly(P<0.05). ConclusionsProfessional nursing strategies prolongs the service time of internal fistula and reduces the rates of complications, which improves the life quality for patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis treatment.

关 键 词：动静脉内瘘 慢性肾衰竭 功能障碍 维持性血液透析 生活质量 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]