马尾松林地不同枯落物覆盖下土壤入渗特征  

Soil Infiltration Characteristics Under Different Litter Covers in Pinus massoniana Forest

作　　者：朱方方 程金花[1,2] 郑雪慧 姚成慧 ZHU Fangfang;CHENG Jinhua;ZHENG Xuehui;YAO Chenghui(College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083;Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Control of State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]国家林业局水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2020年第4期85-90,97,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2017YFC0505500,2017YFC0505501)。

摘　　要：采用室内人工降雨模拟试验,在径流小区尺度上观测坡面产流过程,并用WatchDog1400土壤水分自动监测站观测土壤体积含水率变化过程,研究枯落物覆盖下坡面水分入渗特征。结果表明:(1)土壤入渗滞后时间随着枯落物覆盖量的增加而增大,在坡度上体现为10°>5°;(2)土壤入渗率随雨强、枯落物覆盖量增加而增大,随坡度增大而减小;土壤储水量随覆盖量增加先增大后减小,在雨强方面体现为120 mm/h>60 mm/h;(3)逐步回归结果表明,土壤入渗滞后时间、入渗率和储水量与枯落物覆盖量呈线性关系,滞后时间、入渗率与枯落物覆盖量呈一次函数正相关关系,储水量与覆盖量呈二次函数关系。研究结果可为低效林枯落物水源涵养功能研究提供依据。Using laboratory artificial simulation rainfall experiment,the runoff process was observed on the scale of runoff plot,and the change process of soil volume moisture content was observed with Watchdog 1400 soil moisture automatic monitoring station to study the water infiltration characteristics of the slope under litter cover.The results were as follows:(1)The lag time of soil infiltration increases with the increase of litter coverage,and the slope was 10°>5°;(2)The infiltration rate of soil increases with the increase of rainfall intensity and litter coverage,and decreases with the increase of slope;the soil water storage first increases and then decreases with the increase of coverage,and the rainfall intensity is 120 mm/h>60 mm/h;(3)Stepwise regression shows that the soil infiltration lag time,infiltration rate and water storage capacity are linearly related to the amount of litter coverage,the lag time,infiltration rate and litter coverage are positively correlated with each other,the water storage and coverage has a quadratic function.The results can provide a basis for the research on the water source conservation function of the low-efficiency forest litter of Pinus massoniana.

关 键 词：枯落物 入渗特征 函数关系 土壤含水率 

分 类 号：S715.3[农业科学—林学]