锡林河流域水文干旱演变特征及影响因素分析  

Analysis of Hydrological Drought Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Xilin River Basin

作　　者：张璐[1] 朱仲元[1] 王慧敏 王飞 ZHANG Lu;ZHU Zhongyuan;WANG Huimin;WANG Fei(College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2020年第4期178-184,192,共8页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51779116);地区科学基金项目(51669018,51869015)。

摘　　要：利用1982—2018年锡林浩特气象站和水文站的降水、气温、径流等数据,通过计算气象水文干旱指数,并采用交叉小波分析、累积距平、游程理论等方法探究锡林河流域水文干旱演变特征及主导因素。结果表明:1982—2016年,锡林河流域降水量与潜在蒸散发量呈逐年增加的趋势,而径流深则呈现逐年减小的趋势;锡林河流域上游区域夏季和冬季的旱情等级较高,自2000年以来,甚至出现夏季与冬季连旱的情况,故高温和低温均是可能引发锡林河流域干旱的重要原因;交叉小波分析发现,气象干旱与水文干旱的滞后关系会有所改变,不是所有区域都表现出水文干旱滞后于气象干旱;人类活动和气候变化在1990—1998年、1999—2016年对出现水文干旱的影响程度分别为67.7%,55.6%和32.3%,44.4%,呈逐年减小的趋势。Using precipitation,air temperature,and runoff data from Xilinhot Meteorological Station and Hydrological Station from 1982 to 2018,the meteorological and hydrological drought index was calculated,and cross-wavelet analysis,cumulative anomaly,and run length theory were used to explore the hydrological drought evolution characteristics and leading factors in the Xilin River Basin.The results showed that from 1982 to 2016,the rainfall and potential evapotranspiration in the Xilin River Basin increased year by year,while the runoff depth showed a decreasing trend in each year.Due to the high drought level in upper reaches of Xilin River Basin in summer and winter,and the continuous drought in summer and winter since 2000,the high temperature and low temperature were the important reasons that may cause drought in the Xilin River Basin.Cross wavelet analysis found that the lagging relationship between meteorological drought and hydrological drought will be somewhat change,not all regions show that hydrological drought lags behind meteorological drought.The impact of human activities and climate change on the occurrence of hydrological drought in 1990—1998 and 1999—2016 was 67.7%,55.6%and 32.3%,44.4%,with a decreasing trend year by year.

关 键 词：水文干旱 人类活动 流域径流变化 

分 类 号：P343.1[天文地球—水文科学]