氮化物陶瓷纤维的制备、结构与性能  

Fabrication, Structures and Properties of Nitride Ceramic Fibers

作　　者：邵长伟[1] 龙鑫 张帅[1] 王兵 SHAO Changwei;LONG Xin;ZHANG Shuai;WANG Bing(Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory,College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院新型陶瓷纤维及其复合材料重点实验室,长沙410073

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2020年第15期90-101,共12页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

摘　　要：以氧化铝纤维为代表的氧化物纤维和以碳化硅纤维为代表的碳化物纤维已被广为研究和应用,而氮化物陶瓷纤维(本文指由含氮共价键构成的、连续的细直径非氧化物陶瓷纤维)尚未得到广泛认识。氮化物陶瓷纤维不仅具有连续陶瓷纤维的结构承载作用,而且还具有大范围可调控的介电性能,在航空航天装备上有重要应用领域和广阔发展空间。简述了国内外氮化物陶瓷纤维的发展历史和功能特性,重点介绍了国防科技大学以及国内其他科研单位在系列化氮化物陶瓷纤维的研究进展,主要涵盖了氮化硅(Si3N4)、硅碳氮(SiCN)和硅硼氮(SiBN)等陶瓷纤维的制备、结构与性能,旨在推动结构功能一体化氮化物陶瓷纤维的研制和应用,吸引产学研的广泛力量共同支持连续陶瓷纤维的发展。The nitride ceramic fibers in this paper are a kind of nitrogen-containing continuous ceramic fibers with fine diameter. Some ceramic fibers like alumina fiber and silicon carbide fiber have been widely studied and successfully used in various vehicles. Benefit from the covalent bonded chemical and electronical structures, nitride ceramic fibers not only have the excellent structural stability, but also possess adjustable dielectric properties for electromagnetic wave transparent and absorption applications. In this paper, the development history and structural and functional characteristics of nitride ceramic fibers at home and abroad were briefly introduced. The recent progress and perspective of domestic nitride ceramic fibers were described in detail including the preparation, structure and performance of Si3N4 fibers and SiCN as well as SiBN fibers. These fibers provided reliable reinforcements for functional components applications in harsh environment. The purpose of this whirlwind tour is to promote the understanding, technology and application of nitride ceramic fibers and to attract more participants from industry, university and government to support the development of continuous ceramic fibers.

关 键 词：陶瓷纤维 氮化物陶瓷 氮化硅 硅碳氮 硅硼氮 结构性能 

分 类 号：TQ340.1[化学工程—化纤工业]