小农经济可能将退出历史舞台--来自西南部分农村地区的考察与分析  

Retirement of Small-Scale Peasant Economy from the Stage of History--Analysis on the Basis of Investigation in the Rural Areas of Southwest China

作　　者：彭方志[1] PENG Fang-zhi(School of Economics and Management,Panzhihua University,Panzhihua 617000,Sichuan)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花学院经济与管理学院,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《攀枝花学院学报》2020年第4期61-70,87,共11页Journal of Panzhihua University

基　　金：国家留学基金资助项目“与圣彼得堡大学互换奖学金”(留金亚[2018]9039)。

摘　　要：随着城镇化和工业化的发展,中国农村正面临着前所未有的变局,社会经济形态可能会发生根本性变化。通过文献研究以及在西南地区四个村的实地考察分析发现,家庭联产承包责任制以来的中国农村不是严格意义上的"小农经济",可称之为"小规模农业经济",后者正在逐步消失;大部分已经进城的农民并不十分关心土地产权问题;城乡一体化是未来发展的方向。小规模农业向规模化农业演变是人类社会的进步,应在改革完善城乡基层治理体系、统筹城乡社会保障、鼓励并引导生产要素向农村流动、促进土地合理流转等方面采取措施保证在稳定的前提下促进演变。With the development of urbanization and industrialization,rural areas are facing unprecedented changes in China,social and economic patterns are likely to change radically. By means of literature study and field investigation in four villages of southwest China,this paper finds that: since the implementation of household-contract-responsibility-system,Rural China is no longer a small-scale peasant economy in the strict sense and can be referred to as small-scale agricultural economy which is currently gradually disappearing;the majority of migrant farmers are not very concerned about the land property rights;the integration of urban and rural areas is the direction of future development. This paper holds that: the evolution of small-scale agriculture to large-scale agriculture is a great progress of human society;measures should be taken to promote this evolution on the premise of ensuring stability. At last,this paper gives some policy recommendations,including the reform and improvements in the urban and rural grassroots governance system,coordination of social security between urban and rural areas,encouragement and guidance on the flow of production factors to rural areas,and promotion of rational land circulation.

关 键 词：乡村振兴 小农经济 小规模农业经济 基层治理 土地流转 

分 类 号：F303[经济管理—产业经济]