空间平台电动力绳系离轨装置技术研究  

An EDT De-Orbiting Equipment for Spacecraft

作　　者：王小锭[1] 张烽[1] 申麟[1] 文浩[2] 谢侃[3] 唐琼[1] WANG Xiao-ding;ZHANG Feng;SHEN Lin;WEN Hao;XIE Kan;TANG Qiong(Research and Development Department,China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;School of Aerospace Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国运载火箭技术研究院研究发展部,北京100076 [2]南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室,南京210016 [3]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081

出　　处：《空间碎片研究》2020年第2期22-31,共10页Space Debris Research

摘　　要：为了从源头上消除空间碎片的产生,在不远的将来所有发射入轨的火箭、卫星都应具备清理自身碎片的能力,在完成任务后实现主动快速离轨。利用电动力绳系实现空间平台离轨,离轨过程中不需要消耗其所携带的推进剂,可有效降低空间平台重量,提高离轨效率。本文系统梳理电动力绳系技术发展现状,提出了电动力绳系离轨典型任务设计和系统方案,研究了电动力绳系离轨任务分析与仿真、动力学控制设计与试验、等离子接触器设计与试验等关键技术。经研究及试验表明,电动力绳系离轨在理论上和工程上具备可行性。后续,应结合航天实际工程,逐步对关键技术进行攻关研究,推动电动力绳系的工程化应用。In order to avoid generation of space debris,launch vehicles and satellites in orbit should be capable of removing themselves after missions in the near future.To this end,The electro-dynamic tether(EDT)based de-orbiting strategy is a feasible technology without propellant consumption and with high de-orbiting efficiency.This paper investigates the status quo of the EDT deorbiting technology,and analyzes the mission applicability of the EDT technology,and furthermore,proposes the feasible EDT deorbiting equipment.Besides,the related key technologies and their experiments are systematically introduced and discussed.The present research results indicate that the EDT de-orbiting technology is theoretically and practically feasible.Afterwards,key technologies will be further developed based on the practical mission requirements to promote the EDT applications.

关 键 词：电动力绳 空间碎片 离轨 

分 类 号：V528[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] V448