干旱和复水对橡胶树PR107组培苗叶片和根生理活性的影响  

Effect of Drought and Re-watering on the Physiological Activities in the Leaves and Roots of Tissue Cultured Seedlings of Rubber Tree PR107

作　　者：王纪坤[1] 麻文强 王立丰[1] 安锋[1] 谢贵水[1] WANG Jikun;MA Wenqiang;WANG Lifeng;AN Feng;XIE Guishui(Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation&Physiology of Tropical Crops/Danzhou Investigation&Experiment Station of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China/Rubber Research Institute,CATAS,Haikou Hainan 571101,China;Qishan Soil Conservation Work Station,Baoji,Shaanxi 722400,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-海南省热带作物栽培生理学重点实验室/农业农村部儋州热带作物科学观测实验站\中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南海口571101 [2]陕西省岐山县水土保持工作站,陕西宝鸡722400

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2020年第6期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(No.CARS-33-ZP1);中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所基本科研业务费专项(No.1630022017022、No.1630022020008)。

摘　　要：橡胶树树苗早春定植时经常面临干旱胁迫。为阐明干旱胁迫对橡胶树幼苗抗旱相关生理指标的影响,采用断水处理方法分析持续干旱和复水诱导橡胶树组培苗PR107叶片和根生理活性的变化规律。结果表明:在断水11 d时,叶片渗透压增长25.57倍(p<0.01),土壤含水量下降95.4%(p<0.01),叶片叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量显著增加,但Chla/b比值显著下降(p<0.01)。在断水5 d时,根系丙二醛含量最高,在断水11 d时,叶片中MDA含量显著上升。根系脯氨酸含量在断水11 d时最高。叶片可溶性糖含量在断水11 d显著上升。叶片和根系中SOD酶活性在断水11 d显著上升,POD酶活性差异不显著。表明橡胶树组培苗在连续断水11 d时,主要通过渗透调节物质和抗氧化体系在不同程度上响应干旱胁迫。复水2 d后,各指标均有不同程度的恢复。本研究为揭示橡胶树组培苗干旱响应的生理变化规律和研发配套栽培调控技术措施打下基础。Young seedlings of rubber tree often face drought stress when they are transplanted in early spring.In order to clarify the effects of drought stress on the drought resistance related physiological indices,the physiological activities in leaf and root of rubber tree tissue culture seedlings under continuous drought and re-watering were performed by withholding water method.The results showed that the osmotic pressure of the leaves was increased by 25.57 times(p<0.01)at 11 day without watering,and that the soil water content was decreased by 95.4%(p<0.01).At 11 day without watering,the leaf content of chlorophylls and carotenoids increased significantly,but the ratio of Chl a/b decreased dramatically(p<0.01).The leaf content of MDA increased significantly at 11 day without watering,whilst root MDA contents was highest at 5 day without watering.The proline content in roots increased to the highest level at 11 day without watering.The soluble sugar content in leaves increased to a significant level at 11 day without watering.The leaves and roots were significantly higher in SOD enzyme activity but not different in POD activity at 11 day without watering.These results suggested that the response of the tissue cultured seedling of rubber tree PR107 to the drought stress at 11 day without watering was mainly due to osmotic adjustment and antioxidant system.After the planting materials were re-watered for 2 days,all the physiological parameters were recovered to some extent.This reveals the physiological mechanisms of tissue cultured seedlings of rubber tree to drought response,and provides reference for development of drought-control cultivation practices for rubber trees.

关 键 词：巴西橡胶树 组培苗 干旱 生理活性 PR107 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]